The effect of tannic acid on bone mechanical and geometric properties, bone density, and trabecular histomorphometry as well as the morphology of articular and growth cartilages in rats co-exposed to cadmium and lead is dose dependent

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are toxic elements that accumulate to the largest extent in bones. Rats were used to investigate whether tannic acid (TA; 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%. 2.0%, or 2.5%) would have a protective effect on the structure and properties of bones in the case of exposure to Cd and Pb (diet: 7 mg Cd/kg and 50 mg Pb/kg) for 6 weeks. The effects of administration of TA in Cd- and Pb-poisoned rats on bone characteristics and the morphology of articular and growth cartilages were determined. All the rats administered Cd and Pb had an enhanced Cd and Pb concentration in blood plasma and bone and reduced bone Ca content irrespective of the TA administration. Cd and Pb alone reduced the mechanical endurance and histomorphometric parameters of trabecular bone and the thickness of the growth plate and articular cartilage. Tannic acid improved cancellous bone parameters in the rat exposed to Cd and Pb. A diet rich in TA improved articular cartilage constituents in heavy metal-poisoned rats. These results suggest that alimentary TA supplementation can counteract in a dose-dependent manner some of the destructive changes evoked by Cd and Pb possibly by reducing the exposure.

Effects of hydroxyapatite@poly-lactide-co-glycolide nanoparticles combined with Pb and Cd on liver and kidney parenchyma after the reconstruction of mandibular bone defects

“…These metals tend to accumulate in calcified tissues 64,65 and this accumulation coincides with the reduction in the concentration of Ca in bone, which, in turn, leads to a reduction in the mechanical resilience of the bone. Cd, for example, induces bone loss and creates osteoporotic symptoms in bone following environmental levels of exposure, 66 while Pb equally reduces the bone Ca content, 67 similar to the effects observed in this study (Fig. 2).…”

Protective effect of tea against lead and cadmium-induced oxidative stress—a review

“…Kim et al ( 1998 ) demonstrated that the tissues of mice poisoned with 20 mg Cd per kg of body weight contained less Cd if the mice drank a water-based solution containing 0.5, 1.0 or 2.0 mg of tannic acid/ml. The use of a 2% tannic acid solution in rats receiving 7 mg Cd and 50 mg Pb/kg of feed or one litre of distilled water contributed to a significant decrease in the accumulation of those toxic metals in the hearts, lungs, tibia and blood compared to rats drinking water (Winiarska-Mieczan et al 2013 ; Winiarska-Mieczan 2013 ; Tomaszewska et al 2017a , b ). Studies showed that Pb was a more resistant metal than Cd to being bound by tannic acid (Winiarska-Mieczan 2013 ), where the use of 0.5, 1, 1.5 or 2% tannic acid solutions in adult rats simultaneously exposed to Cd and Pb resulted in a statistically significant reduction of Cd absorption in brains by 20–25% after 6 weeks of the experiment and about 35% after 12 weeks.…”

Melatonin prevents cadmium‐induced bone damage: First evidence on an improved osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation balance of mesenchymal stem cells as underlying mechanism

“…Mineralization is an important parameter in the evaluation of bone quality and strength. In our study, the decrease in the percentage of nonorganic components and ash weight/dry weight ratio of femurs in animals exposed to Cd clearly demonstrate bone demineralization, consistent with findings obtained in other animal models of Cd toxicity and with reduced bone levels of Ca that is the main structural component of the extracellular matrix and a depot of this mineral for the whole organism . However, bone proprieties also depend on organic components of the matrix and our results demonstrate that a low‐dose chronic exposure to Cd significantly decreases the percent of such components.…”