The effect of targeted therapy on the quality of life of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis and comorbid bronchial asthma

Abstract

Introduction. The relevance of studying the possibility of using targeted therapy in the treatment of polypous rhinosinusitis in patients with comorbid bronchial asthma is due to the observed growth of the disease and the disclosure of new pathophysiological mechanisms of their development.Aim. Based on the generalization of research results and the analysis of our own clinical observations, to improve the effectiveness of treatment and the quality of life of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis with a history of severe bronchial asthma, using genetically engineered biological therapy.Materials and methods. The literature of the eLibrary databases is analyzed.RU RSCI, Medline, Scopus, Web of Science for the period 2011–2023. The inclusion of monoclonal antibodies in the treatment regimen for diseases that are difficult to treat with medication is based on the results of clinical studies and meta-analysis data. A study of the quality of life was conducted, according to the SF-36 Health Status Survey, 47 patients receiving targeted therapy with monoclonal antibodies in medical and preventive institutions of the megalopolis.Results. The assessment of the quality of life of patients with polypous rhinosinusitis and comorbid bronchial asthma confirmed the effectiveness of targeted therapy with monoclonal antibodies. According to the SP-36 questionnaire, before treatment, the low-est scores were on the Role-Physical Functioning scales – 51.5 points and General Health – 49.1 points, respectively. At the 2nd and 16th weeks of treatment, gradually increasing positive dynamics was noted on all scales and by the end of the 52nd week of monoclonal antibody use, values as close to normal as possible were recorded in the Social Functioning, Role Emotional, Mental Health scales and amounted to 97.7; 98,3 and 98.7 points. The effectiveness of the treatment was confirmed by two clinical cases.Conclusions. Knowledge of the immunological and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease allows us to open up significant prospects for diagnosis and treatment. Recommendations and drug selection should be consistently followed within the framework of the clinical recommendations of the relevant diseases. Strict consideration of the development of short-term and long-term risks of the use of genetically engineered biological therapy is necessary.