The effect of temperature and heat shock protein 72 on the ex vivo acute inflammatory response in monocytes

Abstract

The acute inflammatory response to active or passive activities that increase body temperature may aid to reduce chronic low-grade inflammation. This study investigates the impact of temperature and extracellular heat shock protein 72 (eHsp72) on the acute intracellular Hsp72 (iHsp72) and interleukin-6 (iIL-6) response in monocytes. Whole blood was incubated for 2 h at 37.0 °C, 38.5 °C and 40.0 °C, in the absence or presence of 0.5 μg/ml eHsp72. Flow cytometry was used to assess iHsp72 and iIL-6 expression in total monocytes and the three monocyte subsets. Incubation at 40.0 °C ( p < 0.001) but not 38.5 °C ( p = 0.085) increased iHsp72 expression when compared with 37.0 °C, while there was no effect of temperature on iIL-6 expression ( p = 0.635). Following incubation with eHsp72, the expression of iHsp72 in classical monocytes was reduced at all temperatures ( p < 0.001), while there was no effect of eHsp72 on iIL-6 expression ( p = 0.071). Large temperature elevations are needed to induce an acute iHsp72 response in monocytes. In addition, contrary to its suggested role as a danger signal for the innate immune system, eHsp72 reduced iHsp72 and iIL-6 expression in monocytes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s12192-019-00972-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Time‐series transcriptome reveals inflammatory signature in monocytes and neutrophils following acute heat exposure in mine rescuers

“…However, the variation in heat shock proteins under heat exposure largely depends on the magnitude of temperature increase and the duration of heat exposure. Hoekstra et al (2019) found that at lower temperatures (38.5°C), the impact on HSP72 in peripheral blood monocytes was minimal; at 40.0°C, the expression of endogenous HSP72 significantly increased. Lee et al (2015) discovered that after heat acclimation (3 days), the response of monocyte HSP72 to hypoxic exercise diminished, indicating that an increased basal reserve of HSP72 can mediate improved heat tolerance and the ability to cope with hypoxic injury.…”

“…Hoekstra et al. (2019) found that at lower temperatures (38.5°C), the impact on HSP72 in peripheral blood monocytes was minimal; at 40.0°C, the expression of endogenous HSP72 significantly increased. Lee et al.…”

Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review of the Thermal Stress Response: Gallus gallus domesticus Show Low Immune Responses During Heat Stress

“…This phenomenon eventually decreases growth performance (Balog et al, 2000). Moreover, heat stress increases inflammation levels (Hoekstra et al, 2019). Inflammation and immunoglobulin levels have a negative relationship; a previous study reported that inflammation reduces immunoglobulin levels (Aschermann et al, 2010).…”

Blood Transcriptomic Analyses Reveal Functional Pathways Associated with Thermotolerance in Pregnant Ewes Exposed to Environmental Heat Stress

“…Chronic heat stress increased the proportion of monocytes and B-lymphocytes in the spleen of pigs, which supports an enhanced immune response [ 38 ]. Monocytes are particularly responsive to heat stress compared to other WBC subtypes because a protein activated by heat stress, the heat-shock protein-72 (HSP72), increases monocyte expression as part of the inflammatory response following physiological stress [ 39 ]. Moreover, in chickens, heat stress increased serum corticosterone concentrations, which stimulated lymphocyte proliferation.…”