The effect of temperature and water on the mechanical properties of wool fibres investigated with different experimental methods

Aksakal, Baki; Alekberov, Vilayet

doi:10.1007/s12221-010-0673-9

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In non-plasticized fibers, a gradual transition from the elastic to the plastic regime was followed by uniform extension and strain hardening. This curve shape is similar to that of other biopolymer fibers such as keratin (sheep wool, [33] human hair [34] ) or silk. [35] Both EG and TEG plasticized fibers showed an intrinsic yield point, i.e., a stress maximum after the elastic regime.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Stoessel

Raso

Kaufmann

et al. 2014

Macro Materials & Eng

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Gelatin is an exceptional and versatile biopolymer with applications in various industries. As the most abundant structural protein in vertebrates it is available in megaton quantities. On these grounds, it would be a plausible substitute for synthetic polymers. Gelatin processing into fibers seems promising as continuous protein filaments do not have the limitation of natural fibers, i.e., small staple fiber length. Instead of spinning an aqueous gelatin solution, a protein precipitate from a phase‐separated system is used. Robust wet spinning with subsequent fiber drawing allows production of a gelatin filament with similar mechanical properties as sheep wool. Different degrees of fiber drawing and addition of plasticizers enable to tailor the mechanical and thermal fiber properties and demonstrate the versatility of the proposed spinning process.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 63%

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Stoessel

Raso

Kaufmann

et al. 2014

Macro Materials & Eng

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“…Water also induces a softening in biological structures made of polymers such as keratin (Aksakal and Alekberov, 2009;Puthoff et al, 2010;Taylor et al, 2004) and chitin (Kim et al, 1996;Vincent, 2002). These changes can impact material properties and hence ultimately organism performance (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wet webs work better: Humidity, supercontraction and the performance of spider orb webs

Boutry

Blackledge

2013

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYLike many biomaterials, spider silk responds to water through softening and swelling. Major ampullate silk, the main structural element of most prey capture webs, also shrinks dramatically if unrestrained or develops high tension if restrained, a phenomenon called 'supercontraction'. While supercontraction has been investigated for over 30years, its consequences for web performance remain controversial. Here, we measured prey capture performance of dry and wet (supercontracted) orb webs of Argiope and Nephila using small wood blocks as prey. Prey capture performance significantly increased at high humidity for Argiope while the improvement was less dramatic for Nephila. This difference is likely due to Argiope silk supercontracting more than Nephila silk. Web deflection, measured as the extension of the web upon prey impact, also increased at high humidity in Argiope, suggesting that silk softening upon supercontraction explains the improved performance of wet webs. These results strongly argue that supercontraction is not detrimental to web performance.

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“…Here, the mass loss of TiO 2 coated wool fiber is more than that of uncoated wool fibers because of appearance of water molecules during the formation of TiO 2 network on the cuticle layer. The second region between about 210 and 360°C, in which the mass losses of TiO 2 coated and uncoated wool fibers are almost the same, corresponds to the denaturation and degradation of wool fiber structure . Here, there are some similar explanations for this denaturation and degradation process.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Here the TGA curves can be divided approximately into three regions. The first region up to about 160°C is attributed to the vaporization of the absorbed water and dehydration of wool, which is characterized by an initial broad endothermic peak at about 92°C. Here, the mass loss of TiO 2 coated wool fiber is more than that of uncoated wool fibers because of appearance of water molecules during the formation of TiO 2 network on the cuticle layer.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is known that the properties of wool fibers change after they are exposed to thermal effect. Many studies were devoted to understand the thermal characteristics of the wool fibers on the basis of structural changes and the effect of temperature on the spectroscopic properties, the stress–strain curves, and the tensile properties of wool fibers . However, the tensile characteristics of the wool fibers after the wool fibers were exposed to heat treatment at different elevated temperatures were not investigated much in detail.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Uniaxial tensile properties of TiO₂ coated single wool fibers by sol‐gel method: The effect of heat treatment

Aksakal

Koç

Bozdoğan

et al. 2013

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Single wool fibers were coated with TiO 2 by using the sol-gel method. The uniaxial tensile properties of TiO 2 coated single wool fibers heated at different temperatures from 25 to 200 C were investigated and compared with those of uncoated single wool fibers. It was observed that the shape of the stress-strain curve of TiO 2 coated wool fibers became the same as uncoated wool fibers and showed a similar tendency of change to uncoated wool fibers with increasing temperature. But, the TiO 2 coated wool fibers obtained higher rigidity than uncoated wool fibers and up to their rupture points; they obtained higher stress levels in three deformation regions in the stress-strain curves, which indicates stronger wool fibers. Although the breaking extension of TiO 2 coated wool fibers decreased little by about 8%, the Young's modulus of TiO 2 coated wool fibers increased significantly by 19%, which was caused mostly by an increment in the stiffness of the cuticle layer of the wool fiber, and remained relatively higher than that of uncoated wool fibers after heat treatments. Structural changes in both uncoated and TiO 2 coated single wool fibers due to thermal effect, which caused the changes in the uniaxial tensile properties and the thermal behaviors of these fibers were discussed by using spectroscopic and thermal analysis methods in detail.

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The effect of temperature and water on the mechanical properties of wool fibres investigated with different experimental methods

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Wet webs work better: Humidity, supercontraction and the performance of spider orb webs

Uniaxial tensile properties of TiO₂ coated single wool fibers by sol‐gel method: The effect of heat treatment

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The effect of temperature and water on the mechanical properties of wool fibres investigated with different experimental methods

Cited by 26 publications

References 23 publications

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Fibers Mechanically Similar to Sheep Wool Obtained by Wet Spinning of Gelatin and Optional Plasticizers

Wet webs work better: Humidity, supercontraction and the performance of spider orb webs

Uniaxial tensile properties of TiO2 coated single wool fibers by sol‐gel method: The effect of heat treatment

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Uniaxial tensile properties of TiO₂ coated single wool fibers by sol‐gel method: The effect of heat treatment