The Effect of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Rate of Apparent Assimilation of Fucus Serratus L.

Hyde, M. B.

doi:10.2307/2256415

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ryther (1954) found that marine phytoplankton will tolerate temperatures between 10 and 30 0 C and the optimum was 15-25° C. Similar temperature ranges have been found for planktonic algae by Kain & Fogg (1958 a, b). Hyde (1938) found that the assimilation rate of Fucus serratus increased with increasing temperature up to 25° C and then fell off sharply at temperatures higher than this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

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Studies on Ectocarpus in Culture II. Growth and Nutrition of a Bacteria-Free Culture

Boalch

1961

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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The growth and nutrition of Ectocarpus confervoides has been studied in bacteria-free cultures. Growth was estimated by dry weights determined under controlled conditions. A method for inoculation of cultures of filamentous algae is described and a table of culture media is given. Following a lag of 5–7 days there was a period of growth, which was not truly exponential, extending over a period of 35 days. Calculation of the relative growth constant for the early stages of growth indicated that the alga doubled its dry weight every 6–7 days. Cultures of Ectocarpus remained viable for over 1 year in the light and for over 100 days in the dark. In natural sea-water media the maximum growth was brought about by the addition of 0·5 mM potassium nitrate and 0·1 mM potassium phosphate. Ferric chloride had no effect on growth but additions of manganese chloride did cause some stimulation. Additions of some complex organic mixtures slightly increased growth but Ectocarpus was unable to grow on a range of organic carbon source in the dark. The optimum salinity at 20° C was somewhat higher than that of natural sea water but was apparently lower at 15° C. The optimum pH was 8·0. Light intensities between 1350 and 16,000 lux had no marked effects on the growth rate but did effect the lag, the optimum for this being 7000 lux. Temperature also had no effect on the growth rate but did effect the lag. The optimum was 15–20° C but there was growth between 10 and 25° C. A considerable range of artificial sea waters, with and without organic additions was investigated, in no case did they give a yield greater than two-thirds that in natural seawater media. These results are discussed in relation to other workers findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Similar temperature ranges have been found for planktonic algae by Kain & Fogg (1958a, b). Hyde (1938) found that the assimilation rate of Fucus serratus increased with increasing temperature up to 25°C and then fell off sharply at temperatures higher than this.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Studies on Ectocarpus in Culture II. Growth and Nutrition of a Bacteria-Free Culture

Boalch

1961

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…; for respiration, The results so far described would seem to be against a weak light and cold medium as being the best conditions for the Fucaceae, but the great development of this group in northern and arctic seas cannot be overlooked, and the explanation must be the working together of factors other than merely light and temperature. Hyde (1938), however, explains this development in arctic waters as due to the indirect effect of lowering the temperature because this results in an excess of assimilation over respiration. 10 Temperature Fig.…”

Section: Phaeophyceaementioning

confidence: 99%

An introduction to the study of Algae

Chapman¹

1941

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In the older classifications the algae proper were simply divided into four principal groups, Chlorophyceae or green algae, Cyanophyceae or blue-green algae, Phaeophyceae or brown algae and Rhodophyceae or red algae. Now, however, that more is known about the simpler organisms which used not to be regarded as algae, it has been realized that there is no real justification for such a distinction, and so the number of algal groups has been increased. This is because it has become evident that the Flagellata and other simple unicellular organisms must properly be regarded as algae, even though of a very primitive kind. At present it is most convenient to divide the algae into ten classes, one of which, the Nematophyceae, is perhaps somewhat speculative. One of the principal bases of this classification is the diff"erence in pigmentation, and a recent study of this problem shows that it is fully justified. (i) Cyanophyceae. The plants in this group show very little i I cells to plasmolysis. In some forms, principally species which are planktonic, pseudo-vacuoles may be found, and it is supposed that these contribute towards their buoyancy. The protoplast is surrounded by an inner investment which has been shown to be a 8 CYANOPHYCEAE probably do, these may be expected to differ from those of an ordinary vegetative cell. Various suggestions have been made as to their function, and in many cases they probably determine the breaking up of the trichomes (or threads) into hormogones. These hormogones are short lengths of thread which are cut off. thus forming a means of vegetative reproduction among the filamentous types. The heterocysts may also perhaps act as a food store, or they may represent archaic reproductive organs which are now functionless. It has been reported that in Nostoc and Anabaena these cells may occasionally behave as reproductive bodies. Hormogones, besides being cut off by the heterocysts, may also be produced by the development of biconcave separation disks which develop at intervals along the filament. The hormogones, together with certain of the filamentous types, exhibit a slow motion, and although ciha have been described for one species their presence has never been corroborated. The active and continual secretion of mucilage along the sides of the filaments is now regarded as the probable mechanism for securing movement. Thick-walled resting spores, or akinetes, occur in many of the filamentous forms, normally developing next to a heterocyst. The entire lack of sexuality must be ascribed to the ancient cell structure and the absence of chromosomes together, possibly, with the lack of sterols. This type of cell structure naturally provides a problem for the geneticist. There are tw^o possibilities because each cell may contain one single gene or a number of genes (organized self-reproducing bodies which determine the properties of the cell and of the organism). The genes must be separated from each other since there are no chromosomes in which they could be situated, and they will either be dis...

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“…The results so far described would seem to be against a weak light and cold medium as being the best conditions for the Fucaceae, but the great development of this group in northern and arctic seas cannot be overlooked, and the explanation must be the working together of factors other than merely light and temperature. Hyde (1938), however, explains this development in arctic waters as due to the indirect effect of lowering the temperature because this results in an excess of assimilation over respiration. temperature on the rate of apparent assimilation of Fucus serratus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Introduction to the Study of Algae.

Drouet¹,

Chapman²

1942

American Midland Naturalist

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In the older classifications the algae proper were simply divided into four principal groups, Chlorophyceae or green algae, Cyanophyceae or blue-green algae, Phaeophyceae or brown algae and Rhodophyceae or red algae. Now, however, that more is known about the simpler organisms which used not to be regarded as algae, it has been realized that there is no real justification for such a distinction, and so the number of algal groups has been increased. This is because it has become evident that the Flagellata and other simple unicellular organisms must properly be regarded as algae, even though of a very primitive kind. At present it is most convenient to divide the algae into ten classes, one of which, the Nematophyceae, is perhaps somewhat speculative. One of the principal bases of this classification is the diff"erence in pigmentation, and a recent study of this problem shows that it is fully justified.(i) Cyanophyceae. The plants in this group show very little evidence of differentiation, containing only a very simple form of nuclear material, no proper chromatophore and no motile cells with cilia or flagellae. The products of photosynthesis are sugars and glycogen. The colour of the cells is commonly blue-green and hence their name, the colour being due to the varying proportions of the pigments phycocyanin and phycoerythrin. There is no known sexual reproduction, propagation taking place by simple division or else by vegetative means.(2) Chlorophyceae. This group used to comprise four great subdivisions, the Isokontae (equal cilia), Stephanokontae (ringed cilia), Akontae (no cilia) and Heterokontae (unlike cilia). It is now more in keeping with our present knowledge to place the last section into a separate class, and this is the procedure adopted in most recent books. The plants of the Chlorophyceae exhibit a great range of structure from simple unicells to plants with a relatively complex organization, whilst the chromatophores also vary considerably in shape and size. The final product of photo-CSA I 2 CLASSIFICATION synthesis is starch together with oil, and a starch sheath can often be demonstrated around the pyrenoids. In the bulk of the members of this class the motile cells are very similar and commonly possess either two or four flagellae, but in the Oedogoniales (Stephanokontae) there is a ring of flagellae whilst in the Conjugales (Akontae) there are no organs of propulsion. Sexual reproduction is of common occurrence and ranges from isogamy to anisogamy and oogamy. The colour of the cells is usually a grass green because the pigments are the same as those present in the higher plants and, furthermore, they are present in much the same proportions.(3) Xanthophyceae (Heterokontae). The plants in this group are usually of a simple nature, but their lines of development frequently show an interesting parallel or homoplasy with those observed in the preceding group (cf. p. 264). The chloroplast is yellow-green owing to an excess of xanthophyll, one of the four normal constituents of chlorophyll. Oil r...

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The Effect of Temperature and Light Intensity on the Rate of Apparent Assimilation of Fucus Serratus L.

Cited by 6 publications

References 11 publications

Studies on Ectocarpus in Culture II. Growth and Nutrition of a Bacteria-Free Culture

Studies on Ectocarpus in Culture II. Growth and Nutrition of a Bacteria-Free Culture

An introduction to the study of Algae

An Introduction to the Study of Algae.

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