The effect of temperature on outdoor recreation activities: evidence from visits to federal recreation sites

Liu, Pengfei

doi:10.1088/1748-9326/ac5693

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In papers that explored impacts of multiple different weather variables, temperature, particularly maximum temperature, tended to be the best predictor of visitation and tourism spending [27,28]. The amount of leisure travel and visitation days to parks and public lands tended to be higher in days or months that are warmer [e.g., [29][30][31][32][33]. However, many places did see a temperature threshold above which visitation drops; this threshold varied by setting and location, but tended to be around 25˚C (77˚F) for U.S. national parks [27,29,34].…”

Section: Effects Of Weather and Climate On Outdoor Recreationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and perceptions of weather, climate, and climate change on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in the United States: A systematic review

Wilkins,

Horne

2024

PLOS Clim

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Weather, climate, and climate change all effect outdoor recreation and tourism, and will continue to cause a multitude of effects as the climate warms. We conduct a systematic literature review to better understand how weather, climate, and climate change affect outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism across the United States. We specifically explore how the effects differ by recreational activity, and how visitors and supply-side tourism operators perceive these effects and risks. The 82 papers reviewed show the complex ways in which weather, climate, and climate change may affect outdoor recreation, with common themes being an extended season to participate in warm-weather activities, a shorter season to participate in snow-dependent activities, and larger negative effects to activities that depend on somewhat consistent precipitation levels (e.g., snow-based recreation, water-based recreation, fishing). Nature-based tourists perceive a variety of climate change effects on tourism, and some recreationists have already changed their behavior as a result of climate change. Nature-based tourism suppliers are already noticing a wide variety of climate change effects, including shifts in seasonality of specific activities and visitation overall. Collectively, this review provides insights into our current understanding of climate change and outdoor recreation and opportunities for future research.

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Section: Effects Of Weather and Climate On Outdoor Recreationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects and perceptions of weather, climate, and climate change on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in the United States: A systematic review

Wilkins,

Horne

2024

PLOS Clim

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“…Increasing temperatures can lead to critical conditions in the microclimate, and they are mainly relevant in urban built environments, including squares and, more in general, all the historical public open spaces, because they are essentially influenced by [14,15,32,48,73] Previous works underlined that users can reduce their attendance of open spaces in critical conditions, such as those of increasing temperatures or poor air quality [14,74]. Nevertheless, leisure and social activities can still encourage permanence in the outdoors (especially in specific conditions, such as during holidays, mass gatherings, and for physical activities [14,75,76]), and specific dynamics of users' distribution in the outdoors are then activated. Although some outdoor attractive areas in the outdoors can still exist, users can adapt their position by looking for areas with lower temperatures, minimizing the outdoor permanence time, and moving towards shaded areas.…”

Section: Users' Thermal Acceptability In Open Spacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Could Increasing Temperature Scenarios Alter the Risk of Terrorist Acts in Different Historical Squares? A Simulation-Based Approach in Typological Italian Squares

2023

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Squares in the urban historical built environment are public open spaces prone to the risk of terrorist acts, essentially because they are ideal soft targets and attract significant user densities. Risk assessment methods should consider how users behave in them, both before and during an accident (i.e., the evacuation process). In addition to squares’ morphology and layout, and considering that urban areas are more and more prone to the effects of increasing temperatures, outdoor climate conditions can alter the initial scenario. In fact, such conditions can lead users to gather in specific outdoor areas, where they can look for shadows and shelter. This work hence proposes a simulation-based approach to assess how differences in users’ behaviours in response to increasing temperatures and squares’ morphology can alter the risk of terrorist acts in an emergency evacuation. An agent-based model is developed to simulate the interactions between users, hazards and the historical built environment. The work considers four typological squares prone to terrorist acts since they host a special building attracting users in front of it. These squares are derived from the analysis of Italian historical contexts within the BE S2ECURe project. Users are generated in the public open space (thus, before the terrorist act) depending on the intended uses of the square and on the outdoor temperature, which is affected by the square’s morphology. Three different users’ behaviours are modelled to consider (or not) the effects of the outdoor temperature on users’ thermal acceptability levels in an increasing temperature situation. Then, two evacuation scenarios are simulated: (a) a general evacuation process, without attackers, as the baseline for the risk assessment; and (b) an armed assault with cold weapons, to define one of the most probable attack situations in open spaces. Evacuation performance indicators are developed to assess users’ risk. Preliminary verifications demonstrate the capabilities of the approach. The results show that higher differences in evacuation indicators are noticed in large and asymmetric squares, since their conditions highly affect the variability of users’ behaviours in response to increasing temperatures. At the same time, stronger safety behaviours in response to increasing temperatures could reduce emergency issues because they allow users to be more dispersed and initially placed farther from the attack area. Decision-makers could take advantage of the proposed approach and simulation tool, moving towards an effectiveness analysis of solutions to increase the thermal comfort of users in respect of the risk levels during an evacuation. Finally, applications to real-world scenarios are thus encouraged to compare such idealized results with effective conditions.

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“…In colder months, individuals may be less inclined to engage in outdoor activities due to discomfort or concerns about exposure to cold-weather-related risks. On the other hand, warmer temperatures during spring and summer can facilitate increased participation in outdoor activities, including walking, cycling, and sports [14]. Even in young people this association is found, since playgrounds are usually outdoors and are where they usually engage in physical activity at school [15,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonality and Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour among Older Adults from Four European Countries

Martins,

Masoumi,

Loureiro

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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Objective: The present study aimed to explore the relationship between objective physical activity and sedentary behaviour with seasonality among a sample of older adults living in four European countries. Methods: A sample of 169 older adults living in Croatia, Greece, Portugal, and Poland (mean age = 72.2 ± 6.0, 68% female) had valid objective physical activity and sedentary behaviour data collected in different seasons of the year: spring and autumn/winter. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were collected with accelerometers (ActiGraph, GT3X), over 7 consecutive days, in both periods. A valid record was defined as at least two weekdays and one weekend day with 10 hours of wearing time. Analyses were performed with IBM SPSS 28.0, using t-test, ANOVA, and binary logistic regressions. Results: Most older adults from the four countries met the physical activity guidelines in spring and autumn/winter. No significant variations were found across seasons for sedentary behaviour and physical activity both for light and vigorous intensity, regardless of sex, country, education, and body mass index (BMI). A decline in moderate physical activity intensity from spring to autumn/winter was found for those with lower education and higher BMI. Conclusion: The promotion of physical activity must be considered in programs to promote healthy aging throughout the year, especially considering the moderate intensity and those populations with higher BMI and lower educational levels.

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The effect of temperature on outdoor recreation activities: evidence from visits to federal recreation sites

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Effects and perceptions of weather, climate, and climate change on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in the United States: A systematic review

Effects and perceptions of weather, climate, and climate change on outdoor recreation and nature-based tourism in the United States: A systematic review

How Could Increasing Temperature Scenarios Alter the Risk of Terrorist Acts in Different Historical Squares? A Simulation-Based Approach in Typological Italian Squares

Seasonality and Objective Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour among Older Adults from Four European Countries

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