The effect of temperature on experimental and natural chemical weathering rates of granitoid rocks

White, Art F.; Blum, Alex E.; Bullen, Thomas D.; Vivit, Davison V.; Schulz, Marjorie S.; Fitzpatrick, Joan

doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00250-1

Cited by 289 publications

(175 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The strong dependency of silicate weathering rates on temperature and precipitation in watersheds has been well documented in many experimental and field-based investigations of weathering (e.g. White and Blum, 1995;White et al, 1999;Dessert et al, 2003). As will be discussed below (Section 4.4), some of the observed Si isotopic variability in river sediments can be ascribed to lithological effects, in particular for those samples derived from watersheds draining particular geological settings.…”

Section: Global Relationships Between River D 30 Si Clay and Climatementioning

confidence: 87%

The silicon isotopic composition of fine-grained river sediments and its relation to climate and lithology

Bayon

Delvigne

Ponzevera

et al. 2018

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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The d 30 Si stable isotopic composition of silicon in soils and fine-grained sediments can provide insights into weathering processes on continents, with important implications on the Si budget of modern and past oceans. To further constrain the factors controlling the distribution of Si isotopes in sediments, we have analysed a large number (n = 50) of separate size-fractions of sediments and suspended particulate materials collected near the mouth of rivers worldwide. This includes some of the world's largest rivers (e.g. Amazon, Congo, Mackenzie, Mississippi, Murray-Darling, Nile, Yangtze) and rivers from the case study areas of the Congo River Basin and Northern Ireland. Silt-size fractions exhibit a mean Si isotopic composition (d 30 Si = À0.21 ± 0.19‰; 2 s.d.) similar to that previously inferred for the upper continental crust. In contrast, clay-size fractions display a much larger range of d 30 Si values from À0.11‰ to À2.16‰, which yield a global d 30 Si clay of À0.57 ± 0.60‰ (2 s.d.) representative of the mean composition of the average weathered continental crust. Overall, these new data show that the Si isotopic signature transported by river clays is controlled by the degree of chemical weathering, as inferred from strong relationships with Al/Si ratios. At a global scale, the clay-bound Si isotopic composition of the world's largest river systems demonstrates a link with climate, defining a general correlation with mean annual temperature (MAT) in corresponding drainage basins. While the distribution of Si isotopes in river sediments also appears to be influenced by the tectonic setting, lithological effects and sediment recycling from former sedimentary cycles, our results pave the way for their use as paleo-weathering and paleo-climate proxies in the sedimentary record.

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Section: Global Relationships Between River D 30 Si Clay and Climatementioning

confidence: 87%

The silicon isotopic composition of fine-grained river sediments and its relation to climate and lithology

Bayon

Delvigne

Ponzevera

et al. 2018

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…Even though the influence of temperature and land cover on chemical weathering was identified in general (White et al 1999;Moulton et al 2000;Dessert et al 2003), the incorporation of these factors into the model equation did not improve DSi-flux prediction quality. As discussed above, this may be attributed in part to the observed correlation between the factors slope, runoff, temperature and land cover.…”

Section: Discussion Of Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Residuals between predicted and observed specific DSi-fluxes are normally distributed, supporting the significance of the model. In addition, it was tested if temperature could be integrated into the model equation by (1) replacing slope with temperature or (2) including temperature applying a modification of the Arrhenius law (White et al 1999;Dessert et al 2003). In both cases correlation coefficients between predicted and observed specific DSi-fluxes were less and/or estimated b-parameters were not significant on the 5% level.…”

Section: Regional Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting riverine dissolved silica fluxes to coastal zones from a hyperactive region and analysis of their first-order controls

Hartmann

Jansen

Dürr

et al. 2009

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Silicate weathering and resulting transport of dissolved matter influence the global carbon cycle in two ways. First by the uptake of atmospheric/soil CO 2 and second by providing the oceanic ecosystems via the fluvial systems with the nutrient dissolved silica (DSi). Previous work suggests that regions dominated by volcanics are hyperactive or even ''hot spots'' concerning DSi-mobilization. Here, we present a new approach for predicting DSi-fluxes to coastal zones, emphasizing ''first-order'' controlling factors (lithology, runoff, relief, land cover and temperature). This approach is applied to the Japanese Archipelago, a region characterized by a high percentage of volcanics (29.1% of surface area). The presented DSi-flux model is based on data of 516 catchments, covering approximately 56.7% of the area of the Japanese Archipelago. The spatial distribution of lithology-one of the most important first order controlsis taken from a new high resolution map of Japan. Results show that the Japanese Archipelago is a hyperactive region with a DSi-yield 6.6 times higher than the world average of 3.3 t SiO 2 km -2 a -1, but with large regional variations. Approximately 10% of its area exceeds 10 times the world average DSi-yield. Slope constitutes another important controlling factor on DSi-fluxes besides lithology and runoff, and can exceed the influence of runoff on DSi-yields. Even though the monitored area on the Japanese Archipelago stretches from about 31°to 46°N, temperature is not identified as a significant first-order model variable. This may be due to the fact that slope, runoff and lithology are correlated with temperature due to regional settings of the Archipelago, and temperature information is substituted to a certain extent by these factors. Land cover data also do not improve the prediction model. This may partly be attributed to misinterpreted land cover information from satellite images. Implications of results for Earth System and global carbon cycle modeling are discussed.

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“…First, it highlights that the catchment area of a lake extends beyond the boundaries of the drainage basin, and that in dry landscapes with large supply of silt-sized mineral particles (e.g., proglacial landscapes), this input can contribute significantly to the mass balance of the lake. Second, because a part of the material supplied through eolian transport comes from the glacial outwash plains-which consists of fresh, largely unweathered mineral grains rich in base cations (White et al, 1999;Milner et al, 2007;Klaminder et al, 2011)-this input could have implications for the lake-water chemistry and potentially also the autochthonous productivity (Psenner, 1999). This hypothesis is supported by the data from two previous studies conducted in the area around Kangerlussuaq.…”

Section: Possible Implications Of a High Eolian Input To Lake Ecosystemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Eolian Input on Lake-Sediment Geochemical Composition in the Dry Proglacial Landscape of Western Greenland

Rydberg

Lindborg

Sohlenius

et al. 2016

Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research

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The effect of temperature on experimental and natural chemical weathering rates of granitoid rocks

Cited by 289 publications

References 36 publications

The silicon isotopic composition of fine-grained river sediments and its relation to climate and lithology

The silicon isotopic composition of fine-grained river sediments and its relation to climate and lithology

Predicting riverine dissolved silica fluxes to coastal zones from a hyperactive region and analysis of their first-order controls

The Importance of Eolian Input on Lake-Sediment Geochemical Composition in the Dry Proglacial Landscape of Western Greenland

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