The effect of temperature on the development of wilting and on progeny tuber infection of potatoes inoculated with South African strains of biovar 2 and 3 ofPseudomonas solanacearum

Swanepoel, Anita E.

doi:10.1007/bf02358459

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…These biovar 2 strains are most often isolated from potato and supposedly originated from the cool Andean highlands. They cause symptoms in potato at temperatures as low as 16 °C following artificial inoculation (Thurston, 1963; Ciampi & Sequeira, 1980; Swanepoel, 1990). Milling et al (2009) demonstrated recently that the biovar 2 strain UW551 was more virulent at 20 °C than the tropical strain GMI1000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum strains from China assessed by PCR-based fingerprints to unravel host plant- and site-dependent distribution patterns

Xue¹,

Yin²,

Yang³

et al. 2011

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a serious threat to crop production in China. A collection of 319 R. solanacearum strains isolated from 14 different diseased host plants collected in 15 Chinese provinces was investigated by BOX fingerprints in order to test the influence of the site and the host plant on their genetic diversity. Phylotype, fliC-RFLP patterns and biovar were determined for all strains and the sequevar for 39 representative strains. The majority of strains belonged to the Asian phylotype I, shared identical fliC-RFLP patterns and were assigned to four biovars (bv3:123; bv4:162; bv5:3; and bv6:11). Twenty strains were phylotype II, assigned to biovar 2, and had distinct fliC-RFLP patterns. BOX-PCR fingerprints generated from the genomic DNA of each strain revealed a high diversity of the phylotype I strains, where 28 types of BOX fingerprints could be distinguished. While many BOX clusters comprised isolates from different provinces and several host plants, some groups contained isolates that were plant or site specific. All phylotype II isolates originating from 10 provinces belonged to sequevar 1 and displayed identical BOX patterns as the potato brown rot strains from various regions of the world.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum strains from China assessed by PCR-based fingerprints to unravel host plant- and site-dependent distribution patterns

Xue¹,

Yin²,

Yang³

et al. 2011

FEMS Microbiology Ecology

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“…R3bv2 isolates have a lower optimum growth temperature than strains of race 1 (Thurston, 1963). Disease development in terms of wilting and visible tuber infection, is known to occur at lower temperatures of 14/16°C with biovar 2 than with biovar 3 (race 1) (Swanepoel, 1990). Shekhawat and Perombelon (1991) studied the survival rates of biovar 3 (race 1) and biovar 2 (race 3) at various temperatures and confirmed that race 1 is better adapted to a wider range of temperature for growth than race 3; and population decline and loss of virulence of both races was slowest between 10-30°C .…”

Section: Biology In Relation To Influencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ralstonia solanacearum: A Threat to Potato Production in Bangladesh

Karim¹,

Hossain²,

Begum³

2018

Fundam Appl Agric

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Potato is one of the most important vegetable crops in Bangladesh which made it 7th producer in the world. This vegetable crop is affected by one of the most notorious soil borne pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum and caused wilt symptoms in plant and brown rot in potato tuber throughout the world. The pathogen entered into the plants through different natural opening and wounds and is easily disseminated via infected biological material (seeds, vegetatively propagative materials, plants etc.), soil, contaminated irrigation water, surface water, farm equipment etc. and could survive for many years in association with alternate hosts. The bacteria is a quarantine organism being economically a serious problem for potatoes and other major crops in many tropical, subtropical and warmer areas of the world. It has an unusually wide host range including economically important crops (potato, tomato, tobacco, banana, ginger, geranium etc.) and weeds. The disease appeared as rapid and fatal wilting symptoms in the potato plants and vascular browning and/or rotting on tubers. The pathogen can be detected through the isolation of the bacteria on semi-selective TZC and/or selective SMSA (modified) media and through different biochemical tests and/or molecular test. It is a Gram-negative type bacterium, subdivided into five races based on host range and race 3 biovar III is reported in Bangladesh. Direct yield losses caused by R. solanacearum may vary 33 to 90% depending on the different factors such as cultivar, climate, soil type, cropping pattern, strain of the bacteria etc. Due to the latent infection of tuber by this organism, Bangladesh had been facing a temporary embargo on potato export which was imposed by Russia during 2014-15. But, latency and some other survival strategy of the pathogen created much more problems with disease detection, control and dispersal. The biological features of this pathogen makes it unusually successful against the traditional management practices. Therefore, the review focused on the biological abilities of R. solanacearum in relation to dispersal, survival and influences which might be important in designing effective management against the pathogen.

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“…The one known exception is a phenotypically and genetically homogenous subgroup of phylotype II commonly known as race 3, biovar 2 (R3B2) (Fegan and Prior 2005). These strains, which most often are isolated from potato, apparently originated in the cool Andean highlands and can infect and cause symptoms in potato at temperatures as low as 16°C following artificial inoculations (Ciampi and Sequeira 1980;Swanepoel 1990;Thurston 1963). It is unclear whether or not some biovar 1 strains may also have the capacity to cause disease at 16°C; some biovar 1 isolates grow more rapidly in vitro at 16°C than R3B2 isolates (Ciampi and Sequeira 1980).…”

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confidence: 97%

Identification of Open Reading Frames Unique to a Select Agent: Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 Biovar 2

Gabriel¹,

Allen²,

Schell³

et al. 2006

MPMI

110

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An 8x draft genome was obtained and annotated for Ralstonia solanacearum race 3 biovar 2 (R3B2) strain UW551, a United States Department of Agriculture Select Agent isolated from geranium. The draft UW551 genome consisted of 80,169 reads resulting in 582 contigs containing 5,925,491 base pairs, with an average 64.5% GC content. Annotation revealed a predicted 4,454 protein coding open reading frames (ORFs), 43 tRNAs, and 5 rRNAs; 2,793 (or 62%) of the ORFs had a functional assignment. The UW551 genome was compared with the published genome of R. solanacearum race 1 biovar 3 tropical tomato strain GMI1000. The two phylogenetically distinct strains were at least 71% syntenic in gene organization. Most genes encoding known pathogenicity determinants, including predicted type III secreted effectors, appeared to be common to both strains. A total of 402 unique UW551 ORFs were identified, none of which had a best hit or >45% amino acid sequence identity with any R. solanacearum predicted protein; 16 had strong (E < 10(-13)) best hits to ORFs found in other bacterial plant pathogens. Many of the 402 unique genes were clustered, including 5 found in the hrp region and 38 contiguous, potential prophage genes. Conservation of some UW551 unique genes among R3B2 strains was examined by polymerase chain reaction among a group of 58 strains from different races and biovars, resulting in the identification of genes that may be potentially useful for diagnostic detection and identification of R3B2 strains. One 22-kb region that appears to be present in GMI1000 as a result of horizontal gene transfer is absent from UW551 and encodes enzymes that likely are essential for utilization of the three sugar alcohols that distinguish biovars 3 and 4 from biovars 1 and 2.

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The effect of temperature on the development of wilting and on progeny tuber infection of potatoes inoculated with South African strains of biovar 2 and 3 ofPseudomonas solanacearum

Cited by 13 publications

References 6 publications

Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum strains from China assessed by PCR-based fingerprints to unravel host plant- and site-dependent distribution patterns

Genetic diversity of Ralstonia solanacearum strains from China assessed by PCR-based fingerprints to unravel host plant- and site-dependent distribution patterns

Ralstonia solanacearum: A Threat to Potato Production in Bangladesh

Identification of Open Reading Frames Unique to a Select Agent: Ralstonia solanacearum Race 3 Biovar 2

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