The effect of temperature on the strength at high confining pressure of granodiorite containing free and chemically-bound water

Murrell, Stanley A.; Ismail, Issham

doi:10.1007/bf00371342

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The first deformation experiments performed on partially molten granite (Murrel and Chakravarty 1973;Murrel and Ismail 1976) showed that incipient melting dramatically reduces the strength of the aggregate. The melt fraction in these experiments was poorly determined (<0.25) and it was only at the end of the 1970s that new experiments constrained the strength of the sample as a function of melt fraction (Arzi 1978;van der Molen and Paterson 1979).…”

Section: Experimental Deformation Of Partially Molten Granitementioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of partially molten granite: a review and comparison of experimental and natural case studies

Rosenberg

2001

Int J Earth Sci

108

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Section: Experimental Deformation Of Partially Molten Granitementioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of partially molten granite: a review and comparison of experimental and natural case studies

Rosenberg

2001

Int J Earth Sci

108

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“…carried out under laboratory conditions (e.g. Raleigh & Paterson, 1965;Heard & Rubey, 1966;Murrell & The problem with this interpretation is that it does not explain the increased shortening during reaction. Ismail, 1976).…”

Section: Veining During Metamorphismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dehydration‐related deformation during regional metamorphism, NW Sardinia, Italy

Simpson¹

1998

Journal Metamorphic Geology

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The relationship between deformation and dehydration has been investigated in Hercynian regionally metamorphosed rocks exposed on NW Sardinia. Two episodes of prograde mineral growth (M 1 & M 2 ) involving dehydration are recognized: growth of chlorite/phengite porphyroblasts at anchizone metamorphic conditions, contemporaneous with the first phase of deformation, D 1, and growth of biotite from chlorite and phengite coincident with the second phase of deformation, D 2 . Deformation during both episodes of dehydration is characterized by penetrative axial planar foliations defined by well-developed phyllosilicate preferred orientations quantified by XRD textural goniometry, tight to isoclinal similar folds (interlimb angles <40°), and mineral-filled veins (hydrofractures) orientated parallel to axial planar foliations, that formed contemporaneously with the development of the penetrative foliations. No prograde mineral growth occurred during D 2 at chlorite-zone conditions. D 2 deformation in the absence of dehydration is characterized by non-penetrative crenulation cleavages, poorly developed phyllosilicate preferred orientations, relatively open (interlimb angles >40°), low-strain similar folds and minor brittle deformation. Systematic variations in macrofold interlimb angles, with respect to the timing of mineral growth, indicate that enhanced shortening (c. 80%) occurred during dehydration. Microfabrics show that the onset of dehydration is associated with the transition from a crenulation cleavage to a penetrative foliation. The presence of axial planar hydrofractures that formed coevally with dehydration and fabric development requires that supralithostatic fluid pressures and low differential stresses (

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“…The water is considered to have been introduced meteroic water; water from dehydration of kaolinite, montmorillonite, and chlorite in the host rocks; and an unknown but probably small proportion of magmatic water. Banks (1977) also noted (1) that such water would promote metasomatic or hydrothermal growth of garnet and muscovite in the cataclastic rock, (2) that introduction of ground water or its circulation adjacent to the complexes would account for their telescoped thermal boundaries, and (3) that two conditions were present in the complexes, in addition to weakening caused by the presence of water (Griggs and Blacic, 1965;Griggs, 1967;Jones, 1975;Murrell and Ismail, 1976), to explain how granitic rocks of approximately the same composition as their hosts caused intense deformation at such shallow depths. These conditions are (1) a large proportion of intrusive rock to host rock (satisfied by field distributions; Figs.…”

Section: Summary and Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology of a zone of metamorphic core complexes in southeastern Arizona

Banks

1980

Geological Society of America Memoirs

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An elongate northwest-trending zone of batholith-size metamorphic core complexes extends some 130 km from the Rincon Mountains to the Picacho Mountains in southeastern Arizona. The complexes are characterized by undeformed to gneissic granitic intrusions, gneissic to phyllonitic xenoliths and wall rocks derived mainly from Precambrian granitic rock, shallow-dipping foliation, and remarkably uniform directions of lineation. Parts of this zone have been recognized and studied extensively for more than 30 yr, but there remains a divergence of opinion about the age, depth of emplacement, and origin of the complexes. Field relations indicate that host rocks as young as or younger than Mesozoic were involved in cataclasis. K-Ar and fission-track ages indicate that the complexes were at temperatures uniformly in excess of400 °C in the middle Tertiary (20 to 30 m.y. ago) and that the bedrock between and very near the complexes was not thermally affected. Tertiary plutons characteristically associated with the high-grade metamorphic rocks are also cataclastically deformed, and stratigraphic depths to the top of metamorphic terranes were no more than 6 km and possibly less than 3 km. These and other data suggest to some that the complexes developed during intrusion of composite batholiths at shallow depth in an anisotropic stress field during the middle Tertiary. On the other hand, Rb-Sr and U-Th-Pb techniques yielded older ages (>44 m.y.) for some samples. These and additional data suggest to others that major development of cataclasis preceded the middle Tertiary and included regional thrusting.

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The effect of temperature on the strength at high confining pressure of granodiorite containing free and chemically-bound water

Cited by 22 publications

References 19 publications

Deformation of partially molten granite: a review and comparison of experimental and natural case studies

Deformation of partially molten granite: a review and comparison of experimental and natural case studies

Dehydration‐related deformation during regional metamorphism, NW Sardinia, Italy

Geology of a zone of metamorphic core complexes in southeastern Arizona

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