The effect of temporal patterns of sound energy on the loudness of Intensity increment sounds

Auditory Spatial Saliency and Its Effects on Perceptual Noisiness

“…There are several features capturing our attention automatically. One of the well-known features is the temporal dynamics of auditory signals [10], [11], considered already in the ISO loudness model. We extend this viewpoint of auditory attention further by the concept of ''saliency'' developed originally in vision [12], [13].…”

Evaluation of the loudness of impulsive sounds using sound exposure level based on the results of a round robin test in Japan.

“…Namba et al [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have conducted several experiments on the loudness of impulsive sounds with various temporal patterns and durations. According to their results, LpE is a good measure for the loudness of impulsive sounds as a first approximation.…”