“…The results of several studies confirm that 5E model is more efficient than teacher-centered methods of instruction. It develops understanding of scientific knowledge and increases students motivation as well as their interest in studying science (e.g., Bakri & Adnan, 2021;Bezen & Bayrak, 2020;Boakye & Nabie, 2022;Bybee, 2015;Garcia et al, 2021;Gillies & Rafter, 2020;Iscan & Seyhan, 2021;Itsarangkul Na Ayutthaya & Damrongpanit, 2022;Koyunlu Unlu & Dokme, 2022;Lasaiba, 2023;Suwito et al, 2020;Varoglu et al, 2023). It promotes the development of critical thinking and argumentation skills, as well as the ability to apply the knowledge in practice (Amaliyah et al, 2023;Cahyarini et al, 2016;Chen, 2021;Chu et al, 2017;Ha et al, 2023;Miarti et al, 2021;Vafaeikia et al, 2023).…”