The effect of the anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the cerebellum on the motor cortex excitability

Ateş, Mehlika Panpallı; Alaydın, Halil Can; Çengiz, Bülent

doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2018.04.012

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…tDCS can be also used to directly stimulate cerebral areas in order to obtain an analgesic effect ( Moisset and Lefaucheur, 2018 ). tDCS has been applied also over the cerebellum to modify pain perception ( Bocci et al, 2015 ) as the cerebellum proved to have modulatory effect over M1 area ( Ates et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Frequency rTMS of the Primary Motor Area Does Not Modify the Response of the Cerebral Cortex to Phasic Nociceptive Stimuli

et al. 2018

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Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a non-invasive technique of cortical stimulation. Although the exact mechanism of action is not clearly understood, it has been postulated that rTMS action on pain depends most on stimulation sites and stimulation parameters. Most studies concern high-frequency rTMS of the primary motor cortex (M1). High-frequency rTMS over motor cortex seems to induce an analgesic effect while contrasting results were reported after low-frequency rTMS. The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of 1 Hz rTMS stimulation over the left primary motor cortex on subjective laser pain rating and laser evoked potential (LEP) amplitudes in healthy subjects. Subjects underwent two different sessions (real and sham rTMS) according to a cross-sectional design. In each session, LEPs and laser-pain rating to stimulation of both right and left hand dorsum were collected before 1 Hz rTMS over the left M1 area (baseline), which lasted 20 min. Then, LEPs and laser-pain rating were measured immediately after rTMS (T0), after 20 min from T0 (T0+20), and after 40 min from T0 (T0+40). We could not find any modification of both laser-pain rating and LEP parameters (latencies and amplitudes) following 1 Hz rTMS. Therefore, our results show that the low-frequency rTMS of the M1 area does not change the response of the cerebral cortex to pain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-Frequency rTMS of the Primary Motor Area Does Not Modify the Response of the Cerebral Cortex to Phasic Nociceptive Stimuli

et al. 2018

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“…The overall results of the meta-analysis indicated that the influence of c-tDCS on MEP amplitude was non-significant [ 75 ]. This is most likely because c-tDCS activates both inhibitory and excitatory circuits in M1 [ 76 , 77 ], which may lead to a lack of observeable changes in global measures of M1 excitability such as resting motor threshold, recruitment curves, and MEPs. In addition, it has been established that increases in MEP amplitudes induced by tDCS of M1 are not correlated with the amount of motor learning [ 78 ].…”

Section: Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Application of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Improve Motor Learning in Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2021

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Cerebellar transcranial direct current stimulation (c-tDCS) enhances motor skill acquisition and motor learning in young and old adults. Since the cerebellum is involved in the pathophysiology of Parkinson’s disease (PD), c-tDCS may represent an intervention with potential to improve motor learning in PD. The primary purpose was to determine the influence of long-term application of c-tDCS on motor learning in PD. The secondary purpose was to examine the influence of long-term application of c-tDCS on transfer of motor learning in PD. The study was a randomized, double-blind, SHAM-controlled, between-subjects design. Twenty-one participants with PD were allocated to either a tDCS group or a SHAM stimulation group. Participants completed 9 practice sessions over a 2-week period that involved extensive practice of an isometric pinch grip task (PGT) and a rapid arm movement task (AMT). These practice tasks were performed over a 25-min period concurrent with either anodal c-tDCS or SHAM stimulation. A set of transfer tasks that included clinical rating scales, manual dexterity tests, and lower extremity assessments were quantified in Test sessions at Baseline, 1, 14, and 28 days after the end of practice (EOP). There were no significant differences between the c-tDCS and SHAM groups as indicated by performance changes in the practice and transfer tasks from Baseline to the 3 EOP Tests. The findings indicate that long-term application of c-tDCS does not improve motor learning or transfer of motor learning to a greater extent than practice alone in PD.

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“…While the effects of CB tDCS on iTMS have not been previously investigated, the study by Ates and colleagues [18] investigated the influence of CB tDCS on the excitability of the I-wave generating circuits. Consequently, sample size calculations based on this study are sufficient to demonstrate the effects of activation within the pathway of interest (i.e., cerebellar projections to I-wave circuits of M1).…”

Section: Sample Size and Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, growing evidence suggests that late indirect (I) wave inputs on to corticospinal neurons, which represent important predictors of neuroplasticity and motor learning [ 15 – 17 ], may be specifically modified by changes in CB excitability. For example, application of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS; a NIBS paradigm that induces neuroplastic changes in brain excitability) over CB specifically modulates paired-pulse TMS measures of late I-wave excitability [ 18 ]. In addition, the effects of CB tDCS on single-pulse TMS measures of M1 excitability are only apparent when stimulation is applied with an anterior-posterior current, which specifically activates late I-wave circuits [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterising the influence of cerebellum on the neuroplastic modulation of intracortical motor circuits

Opie

Semmler

2020

PLoS ONE

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The cerebellum (CB) has extensive connections with both cortical and subcortical areas of the brain, and is known to strongly influence function in areas it projects to. In particular, research using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) has shown that CB projections to primary motor cortex (M1) are likely important for facilitating the learning of new motor skills, and that this process may involve modulation of late indirect (I) wave inputs in M1. However, the nature of this relationship remains unclear, particularly in regards to how CB influences the contribution of the I-wave circuits to neuroplastic changes in M1. Within the proposed research, we will therefore investigate how CB effects neuroplasticity of the I-wave generating circuits. This will be achieved by downregulating CB excitability while concurrently applying a neuroplastic intervention that specifically targets the I-wave circuitry. The outcomes of this study will provide valuable neurophysiological insight into key aspects of the motor network, and may inform the development of optimized interventions for modifying motor learning in a targeted way. This is a Registered Report and may have an associated publication; please check the article page on the journal site for any related articles.

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The effect of the anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the cerebellum on the motor cortex excitability

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Low-Frequency rTMS of the Primary Motor Area Does Not Modify the Response of the Cerebral Cortex to Phasic Nociceptive Stimuli

Low-Frequency rTMS of the Primary Motor Area Does Not Modify the Response of the Cerebral Cortex to Phasic Nociceptive Stimuli

Long-Term Application of Cerebellar Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Does Not Improve Motor Learning in Parkinson’s Disease

Characterising the influence of cerebellum on the neuroplastic modulation of intracortical motor circuits

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