The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part I. Direct effects on <i>Lepthyphantes tenuis</i> under laboratory conditions

Haughton, A. J.; Bell, James R.; Wilcox, Andrew; Boatman, N. D.

doi:10.1002/ps.388

Cited by 51 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In an earlier experiment conducted on the long‐term study site (Section 2.2) in 1997 and published by Haughton et al ,16 it was shown that lower rates of glyphosate (90 and 180 g ha −1 ) had no significant effect on the mean total numbers of spiders 16. It was documented in the same paper that no effect on L tenuis could be detected from these glyphosate doses, and a similar result has been obtained in laboratory tests 24. The results from this experiment agree with these previous findings: only when glyphosate was applied at a dose of at least 360 g ha −1 was L tenuis affected.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Indications are that margins which had the lowest rate of glyphosate (360 g ha −1 ) supported significantly more spiders per square metre than margins with higher rates (720 and 1440 g glyphosate ha −1 ). The chance of these differences being caused by a direct insecticidal effect is remote;24 the likelihood is that glyphosate is having an indirect habitat effect on L tenuis .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part II. Indirect effects on Lepthyphantes tenuis in field margins

Haughton

Bell

Boatman³

et al. 2001

Pest Management Science

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We have examined the indirect effect of the herbicide glyphosate on the spider Lepthyphantes tenuis in field margins. Glyphosate was applied to a randomised block design field experiment comprising 360, 720 and 1440 g glyphosate AE ha-1 treatments and an unsprayed control. Spiders were sampled in each month from June to October 1998. Spider abundance was significantly lower in all the treatments than in the unsprayed control. Abundance was also significantly lower in the 720 and 1440 g treatments than in the 360 g treatment. No significant difference could be detected between the 720 and 1440 g treatments. Poisson regression models showed that patterns of decline in L tenuis were related to increasing dead vegetation and decreasing vegetation height. Glyphosate applications only had a within-season indirect habitat effect on L tenuis as field margins sprayed 16 months after an application of 360 g glyphosate ha-1 showed no detrimental effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part II. Indirect effects on Lepthyphantes tenuis in field margins

Haughton

Bell

Boatman³

et al. 2001

Pest Management Science

Self Cite

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“…There are few reported cases of direct toxicity of glyphosate to arthropod natural enemies (Franz et al, 1997) (Brust, 1990;Haughton et al, 2001b), nor was there any apparent repellency of glyphosate to these carabid species in the greenhouse (Brust, 1990). Some evidence suggests that glyphosate may be directly toxic to at least one species of predatory mite, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) (Franz et al, 1997).…”

Section: Arthropod Natural Enemiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

et al. 2009

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Insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified (GM) crops pervade many modern cropping systems (especially field-cropping systems), and present challenges and opportunities for developing biologically based pest-management programs. Interactions between biological control agents (insect predators, parasitoids, and pathogens) and GM crops exceed simple toxicological relationships, a priority for assessing risk of GM crops to non-target species. To determine the compatibility of biological control and insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant GM crop traits within integrated pest-management programs, this synthesis prioritizes understanding the bi-trophic and prey/host-mediated ecological pathways through which natural enemies interact within cropland communities, and how GM crops alter the agroecosystems in which natural enemies live. Insect-resistant crops can affect the quantity and quality of non-prey foods for natural enemies, as well as the availability and quality of both target and non-target pests that serve as prey/hosts. When they are used to locally eradicate weeds, herbicide-tolerant crops alter the agricultural landscape by reducing or changing the remaining vegetational diversity. This vegetational diversity is fundamental to biological control when it serves as a source of habitat and nutritional resources. Some inherent qualities of both biological control and GM crops provide opportunities to improve upon sustainable IPM systems. For example, biological control agents may delay the evolution of pest resistance to GM crops, and suppress outbreaks of secondary pests not targeted by GM plants, while herbicide-tolerant crops facilitate within-field management of vegetational diversity that can enhance the efficacy of biological control agents. By examining the ecological compatibility of biological control and GM crops, and employing them within an IPM framework, the sustainability and profitability of farming may be improved. RightsWorks produced by employees of the U.S. Government as part of their official duties are not copyrighted within the U.S. The content of this document is not copyrighted. b s t r a c tInsect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant genetically modified (GM) crops pervade many modern cropping systems (especially field-cropping systems), and present challenges and opportunities for developing biologically based pest-management programs. Interactions between biological control agents (insect predators, parasitoids, and pathogens) and GM crops exceed simple toxicological relationships, a priority for assessing risk of GM crops to non-target species. To determine the compatibility of biological control and insect-resistant and herbicide-tolerant GM crop traits within integrated pest-management programs, this synthesis prioritizes understanding the bi-trophic and prey/host-mediated ecological pathways through which natural enemies interact within cropland communities, and how GM crops alter the agroecosystems in which natural enemies live. Insect-resistant crops can...

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“…Thus far, the few existing studies on terrestrial arthropods reveal few lethal effects of exposure to these herbicides (Bramble et al 1997;Giesy et al 2000;Haughton et al 2001a;Lindsay and French 2004;Michalková and Pekár 2009;Benamú et al 2010). However, the increasingly heavy use of these herbicides, facilitated by the introduction of genetically modified resistant crop plants, has contributed to the decline of agrobiont arthropod diversity in recent decades (Cane and Tepedino 2001;Benton et al 2003; Thorbek and Bilde 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide affects agrobiont predatory arthropod behaviour and long-term survival

2010

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Humans commonly apply chemicals to manage agroecosystems. If those chemicals influence the behaviour or survival of non-target arthropods, the food web could be altered in unintended ways. Glyphosate-based herbicides are among the most ubiquitous pesticides used around the world, yet little is known about if and how they might affect the success of terrestrial predatory arthropods in agroecosystems. In this study, we quantified the effects of a commercial formulation of a glyphosate-based herbicide on the activity of three predatory arthropod species that inhabit agricultural fields in the eastern United States. We also measured the survival of the most common species. We tested the reactions of the wolf spider, Pardosa milvina, to either direct application (topical) or contact with a treated substrate (residual). We quantified the reactions of a larger wolf spider, Hogna helluo, and a ground beetle, Scarites quadriceps, to a compound (topical plus residual) exposure. Pardosa milvina reduced locomotion time and distance under topical herbicide exposure, but increased speed and non-locomotory activity time on exposed substrate. Both H. helluo and S. quadriceps increased non-locomotory activity time under compound herbicide exposure. Over a period of 60 days post-exposure, residually exposed P. milvina exhibited lower survivorship compared to topically exposed and control groups. Thus, exposure of terrestrial arthropods to glyphosate-based herbicides affects their behaviour and long-term survival. These results suggest that herbicides can affect arthropod community dynamics separate from their impact on the plant community and may influence biological control in agroecosystems.

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The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part I. Direct effects on Lepthyphantes tenuis under laboratory conditions

Cited by 51 publications

References 8 publications

The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part II. Indirect effects on Lepthyphantes tenuis in field margins

The effect of the herbicide glyphosate on non‐target spiders: Part II. Indirect effects on Lepthyphantes tenuis in field margins

Ecological compatibility of GM crops and biological control

Exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide affects agrobiont predatory arthropod behaviour and long-term survival

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