The effect of the ketogenic diet on Acne: Could it be a therapeutic tool?

Barrea, Luigi; Cacciapuoti, Sara; Megna, Matteo; Verde, Ludovica; Marasca, Claudio; Vono, Rosa; Camajani, Elisabetta; Colao, Annamaria; Savastano, Silvia; Fabbrocini, Gabriella; Muscogiuri, Giovanna

doi:10.1080/10408398.2023.2176813

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 179 publications

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“…Moreover, it promotes T cell responses in the lung [48] and reduction of systemic levels of inflammatory cytokines [59], thus protecting against respiratory infections [48] and psoriasis [60]. Despite other dietary interventions can also reduce systemic inflammation, a more relevant effect was observed in patients treated with VLCKD, thus suggesting an additional weight loss-independent anti-inflammatory effect, probably induced by ketone bodies production [59,61,62]. Considering the role of inflammation and of the innate immune system in the development of lung diseases during obesity [63,64], it is not surprising that ketogenic diet can improve OSAS [45], COPD [65], and asthma [44].…”

Section: The Biochemical Mechanisms Of Vlckdmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ketogenic step, intense aerobic activity is highly counterproductive: the calorie deficit to which the patient is exposed would not guarantee sufficient energy and physical activity could lead to a depletion of the lean mass. Differently, it was showed that muscle mass is preserved when performing interval training (IT) [71,72], and body composition is improved when IT is added to a VLCKD protocol [61]. Consequently, short cycles of musclestrengthening exercises lasting up to 25-30 min twice a week are recommended at this stage, favouring bilateral and multijoint exercises that include full dynamic movements.…”

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)—a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)—diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism

Barrea,

Caprio,

Camajani

et al. 2024

J Endocrinol Invest

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Purpose The ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT) is an effective dietary treatment for patients with obesity and obesity-related comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, coronary artery disease, and some type of cancers. However, to date an official document on the correct prescription of the ketogenic diet, validated by authoritative societies in nutrition or endocrine sciences, is missing. It is important to emphasize that the ketogenic nutritional therapy requires proper medical supervision for patient selection, due to the complex biochemical implications of ketosis and the need for a strict therapeutic compliance, and an experienced nutritionist for proper personalization of the whole nutritional protocol. Methods This practical guide provides an update of main clinical indications and contraindications of ketogenic nutritional therapy with meal replacements and its mechanisms of action. In addition, the various phases of the protocol involving meal replacements, its monitoring, clinical management and potential side effects, are also discussed. Conclusion This practical guide will help the healthcare provider to acquire the necessary skills to provide a comprehensive care of patients with overweight, obesity and obesity-related diseases, using a multistep ketogenic dietary treatment, recognized by the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)—Diet Therapies in Endocrinology and Metabolism.

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Section: The Biochemical Mechanisms Of Vlckdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Physical Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Ketogenic nutritional therapy (KeNuT)—a multi-step dietary model with meal replacements for the management of obesity and its related metabolic disorders: a consensus statement from the working group of the Club of the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE)—diet therapies in endocrinology and metabolism

Barrea,

Caprio,

Camajani

et al. 2024

J Endocrinol Invest

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“…Moreover, the gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health, can be altered in individuals with obesity [ 29 , 30 ]. The interplay between obesity, gut dysbiosis, and acne may involve complex interactions among inflammation, hormonal regulation, and the immune system [ 31 ]. Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, improve insulin sensitivity, and modulate the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD) has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, improve insulin sensitivity, and modulate the gut microbiota. Addressing acne through dietary interventions, such as VLCKD, could potentially impact both acne and the associated inflammatory and gut dysbiosis components [ 31 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD): a therapeutic nutritional tool for acne?

Verde,

Frias-Toral,

Cacciapuoti

et al. 2024

J Transl Med

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Background Acne, a chronic inflammatory disease impacting the pilosebaceous unit, is influenced significantly by inflammation and oxidative stress, and is commonly associated with obesity. Similarly, obesity is also associated with increased inflammation and oxidation. The role of diet in acne remains inconclusive, but the very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), known for weight loss and generating anti-inflammatory ketone bodies, presents promising potential. Despite this, the effects of VLCKD on acne remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a 45-day active phase of VLCKD in reducing the clinical severity of acne in young women with treatment-naïve moderate acne and grade I obesity. Methods Thirty-one women with treatment-naïve moderate acne, grade I obesity (BMI 30.03–34.65 kg/m2), aged 18–30 years, meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria, and consenting to adhere to VLCKD were recruited. Baseline and post-intervention assessments included anthropometric measurements, body composition, phase angle (PhA), trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) levels, and reactive oxygen metabolite derivatives (dROMs) as markers of inflammation, dysbiosis, and oxidative stress, respectively. A comprehensive dermatological examination, incorporating the Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), was conducted for all women. Results VLCKD resulted in general improvements in anthropometric and body composition parameters. Significantly, there were significant reductions in both the GAGS score (Δ%: − 31.46 ± 9.53, p < 0.001) and the DLQI score (Δ%: − 45.44 ± 24.02, p < 0.001) after the intervention. These improvements coincided with significant decreases in TMAO (p < 0.001) and dROMs (p < 0.001) levels and a significant increase in PhA (Δ%: + 8.60 ± 7.40, p < 0.001). Changes in the GAGS score positively correlated with changes in dROMs (p < 0.001) and negatively with PhA (p < 0.001) even after adjusting for Δ% FM. Changes in the DLQI score positively correlated with changes in dROMs (p < 0.001) and negatively with PhA (p < 0.001) even after adjustment for Δ% FM. Conclusion Given the side effects of drugs used for acne, there is an increasing need for safe, tolerable, and low-cost treatments that can be used for acne disease. The 45-day active phase of VLCKD demonstrated notable improvements in acne severity, and these improvements seemed to be attributable to the known antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of VLCKD. Graphical Abstract

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Obesity and Obesity-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Any Potential Role for the Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD)?

Chapela,

Simancas-Racines,

Ceriani

et al. 2024

Curr Nutr Rep

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Purpose of Review This review aims to explore in-depth the different aspects of the association between very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD), obesity and obesity-related thyroid dysfunction. Recent Findings The VLCKD, proposed as a non-pharmacological strategy for the management of certain chronic diseases, is becoming increasingly popular worldwide. Initially used to treat epilepsy, it has been shown to be effective in controlling body weight gain and addressing various pathophysiological conditions. Research has shown that a low-calorie, high-fat diet can affect thyroid hormone levels. Weight loss can also influence thyroid hormone levels. Studies have suggested that long-term use of VLCKD for refractory epilepsy may be related to the development of hypothyroidism, with an effect seen in various populations. In particular, women with obesity following VLCKD tend to have reduced T3 levels. Summary We propose further research to unravel the underlying mechanisms linking VLCKD to obesity and obesity-related thyroid dysfunction.

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The effect of the ketogenic diet on Acne: Could it be a therapeutic tool?

Cited by 8 publications

References 179 publications

Very low-calorie ketogenic diet (VLCKD): a therapeutic nutritional tool for acne?

Obesity and Obesity-Related Thyroid Dysfunction: Any Potential Role for the Very Low-Calorie Ketogenic Diet (VLCKD)?

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