2022
DOI: 10.3390/agronomy12071522
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The Effect of the Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria and Companion Red Clover on the Total Protein Content and Yield of the Grain of Spring Barley Grown in a System of Organic Agriculture

Abstract: Field research was conducted in Poland from 2019–2021 to determine the effect of the bacteria Azospirillum lipoferum Br17 and Azotobacter chroococcum, as well as companion red clover on the total protein content and yield in the grain of spring barley cultivated in a system of organic agriculture. Two factors were examined in the field experiment: I. bacterial formulations: 1—control, 2—nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azospirillum lipoferum Br17, Azotobacter chroococcum), 3—nitrogen-fixing bacteria (Azospirillum lip… Show more

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Cited by 11 publications
(8 citation statements)
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“…The highest LER T (1.70) was obtained in Mb:F(100:50) cropping pattern and CF treatment in 2021, accounted for which was equivalent to an increase of 70% in land productivity compared to sole cropping of two species. The results of previous studies have also shown that when the legume species beside the other species are planted as intercropping, nitrogen fixation is stimulated due to the complementary effect, which increases the growth and yield of the legume species through increasing the number of active nodes 6 , 24 , 30 . Although the intercropping increases the competitiveness to absorb environmental resources, if one species has nitrogen fixation ability, competitive pressure will be reduced because the legume species will have less competition with other species in nitrogen absorption 4 , 51 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 95%
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“…The highest LER T (1.70) was obtained in Mb:F(100:50) cropping pattern and CF treatment in 2021, accounted for which was equivalent to an increase of 70% in land productivity compared to sole cropping of two species. The results of previous studies have also shown that when the legume species beside the other species are planted as intercropping, nitrogen fixation is stimulated due to the complementary effect, which increases the growth and yield of the legume species through increasing the number of active nodes 6 , 24 , 30 . Although the intercropping increases the competitiveness to absorb environmental resources, if one species has nitrogen fixation ability, competitive pressure will be reduced because the legume species will have less competition with other species in nitrogen absorption 4 , 51 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 95%
“…Although the intercropping increases the competitiveness to absorb environmental resources, if one species has nitrogen fixation ability, competitive pressure will be reduced because the legume species will have less competition with other species in nitrogen absorption 4 , 51 . More distribution of nitrogen in the soil through nitrogen fixation and lower leaves fall of legumes improve soil fertility and adjacent plant growth in intercropping 24 , 30 . Fenugreek also appears to acidify the rhizosphere through nitrogen stabilization, thereby increasing the solubility and absorption of phosphorus by Moldavian balm 52 .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The bacterial species used for inoculation were obtained from the collection of strains from the Department of Soil Science and Microbiology at the University of Life Sciences in Pozna ń. The metabolic properties of the bacterial species used in the field experiment and how they were selected to construct the applied proprietary microbial consortia in the experiment were described in detail by Płaza et al [31] and Niewiadomska et al [32]. The use of a bacterial consortium composed of different bacterial species belonging to plant growth promoters allowed the generation of many positive effects, which are detailed in the discussion section.…”
Section: Experimental Design and Data Collectionmentioning
confidence: 99%