The Effect of Transcription Factor MYB14 on Defense Mechanisms in Vitis quinquangularis-Pingyi

Abstract

In the current study, we identified a transcription factor, MYB14, from Chinese wild grape, Vitis quinquangularis-Pingyi (V. quinquangularis-PY), which could enhance the main stilbene contents and expression of stilbene biosynthesis genes (StSy/RS) by overexpression of VqMYB14. The promoter of VqMYB14 (pVqMYB14) was shown to be induced as part of both basal immunity (also called pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP)-triggered immunity, PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), triggered by the elicitors flg22 and harpin, respectively. This was demonstrated by expression of pVqMYB14 in Nicotiana benthamiana and Vitis. We identified sequence differences, notably an 11 bp segment in pVqMYB14 that is important for the PTI/ETI, and particularly for the harpin-induced ETI response. In addition, we showed that activation of the MYB14 promoter correlates with differences in the expression of MYB14 and stilbene pattern induced by flg22 and harpin. An experimental model of upstream signaling in V. quinquangularis-PY is presented, where early defense responses triggered by flg22 and harpin partially overlap, but where the timing and levels differ. This translates into a qualitative difference with respect to patterns of stilbene accumulation.

Two-omics data revealed commonalities and differences between Rpv12- and Rpv3-mediated resistance in grapevine

“…In the Rpv12-mediated response, we vice versa found statistically significant induction of a thaumatin-like protein gene similar to a V. amurensis ortholog that impaired mycelial growth, causing hyphal malformation, in transgenic lines of sensitive controls 70 . An increasing number of yet genetically uncharacterized sources of P. viticola resistance have emerged in the past years from Asian species, which include V. pseudoreticulata 71 and Vitis quinquangularis 72 . Further studies will be needed to clarify if these novel downy mildew resistances share the same type of ETI and follow the same lines of defence reactions as those observed in Rpv12-mediated resistance.…”

Phytostilbenes as agrochemicals: biosynthesis, bioactivity, metabolic engineering and biotechnology

“…224,225 Subsequent studies based on the use of Ca 2+ ionophores or channel blockers supported these evidences, demonstrating that increase in the cytosolic Ca 2+ concentration is fundamental for the MeJA-and cyclodextrin-mediated induction of stilbene biosynthesis. [226][227][228][229] Recently, Luo et al 230 showed that treatment with a Ca 2+ ionophore induces the expression of a transcription factor (TF) involved in the regulation of STS in V. quinquangularis-Pingyi and can be associated to early signaling events in the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated flg2-triggered plant immunity. Kiselev et al 228 showed that, together with STS genes, treatment of grapevine cell cultures with Ca 2+ channel blockers and a Ca 2+ ionophore also affected the mRNA levels of calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK) genes.…”

Chromosomal Distribution of Genes Conferring Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses Versus That of Genes Controlling Resistance to Biotic Stresses in Plants

“…Among the 11 articles in the Special Issue on plant genes conferring resistance to biotic stresses [3,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34], seven articles reported results from single resistant genes (or QTL) for crops and plant species, including soybean, rice, wheat, Dasypyrum villosum, Aegilops searsii, Capsicum annuum, and Vitis quinquangularis. The other four articles [27,29,30,32] analyzed multiple QTLs or genomic regions for one or more diseases.…”

“…Plants need to possess genes conferring tolerance to these abiotic stresses to adapt to the changing environment, due to global climate changes, in which they are growing. Due to the coevolution of plants and stress-causing organisms [3], plants need to possess multiple resistance genes to deal with the rise of new virulence in stress-causing organisms. Plant breeders are constantly looking for new resistance genes to combat evolving organisms that pose a threat to susceptible crops.…”

“…In the Special Issue, "Mapping Abiotic Stress-Tolerance Genes in Plants" of International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21 papers, including two reviews and 19 research articles, were published . Eleven research articles [3,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] were published in the Special Issue "Mapping Plant Genes that Confer Resistance to Biotic Stress. "…”