“…As the ED system is overburdened by crowding, the quality and safety of emergency care decline. Direct consequences of crowding include increased wait times [4,5,10,11], increased rates of patients leaving without being seen [7,[9][10][11], prolonged LOS [3,7,8], higher patient dissatisfaction [3, 5, 7-9, 11, 12], poorer clinical outcomes [3,5,7,9], delay in time-sensitive interventions [4,7,10,11,[13][14][15], increased adverse events [7,10], increased ambulance diversion [3-5, 7-11], decreased regional disaster response capacity [3], increased morbidity and mortality [3,4,7,9,10,[16][17][18], increased number of patients returning to the ED [7], and ED staff dissatisfaction and burnout [5,8,10]. Crowding is attributed to 31% of sentinel events in the ED [4].…”