The Effect of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Antagonist (Adalimumab) on Giardiasis in Mice

Abstract

Giardia lamblia is the most common worldwide intestinal protozoan infection. TNF-has an important role in early giardiasis control. TNFinvestigate the effect of TNF-® ) on the pathology and the outcome of giardiasis in mice. A total of 45 laboratory-bred Swiss albino mice were divided into 2 groups: tested group and control group. Tested group was G. lamblia infected, then treated with Adalimumab and subdivided into 3 subgroups (GIa, GIb, & GIc) according to given doses (1.5, 3, & 6mg/kg/BW respectively). Control group was subdivided into 2 subgroups, Giardia infected control and normal control (not infected or treated). Infection was assessed by successive stool analysis for cyst count and trophozoite count in intestinal wash, and histo-pathological changes in small intestinal sections. Serum TNFevaluated by ELISA. The results showed that highest mean serum TNF-ed control on 16 th dpi compared to normal control and GIb & GIc. Mean serum TNF-didn't not show significant differences in tested group compared to control on 28 dpi. Peak of cyst count was on 15 th dpi in tested group and infected control. The highest cyst count was in GIb (3mg/kg/BW). Cyst count was significantly higher in tested group compared to infected control to the experimental end. Number of trophozoites in intestinal wash in tested group was significantly higher than in infected control on 28 th dpi. The intestinal sections of tested group showed moderate to severe inflammatory reaction with more inflammatory cellular infiltration in the lamina propria causing villous shortening and blunting more than in the infected control. The lymphoid follicles and sloughing of the epithelium were only in test subgroups on 16 th dpi.