The Effect of Two-Staged Warm Compress on the Pain Duration of First and Second Labor Stages and Apgar Score in Prim Gravida Women: a Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of two-stage warm compress technique on the pain duration of the first and second labor stages and neonatal outcomes. Methods: The clinical trial was done on 150 women (75 subjects in each groups) in Shiraz-affiliated hospitals in 2012 A two-staged warm compress was done for 15-20 minutes in the first and second labor phase (cervical dilatation of 7 and 10 cm with zero status) while the control group received hospital routine care. The duration of labor and Apgar score were evaluated. Results: According to t-test, the average of labor duration was lower in the intervention group compared to the control group at the second stage. However, there was no significant difference for labor duration at the first stage and the first and fifth minute Apgar score. Conclusion: According to the result, this intervention seems a good method for decreasing labor duration at the second stage of parturition.

Effectiveness of Warm Compression on Lumbo-Sacral Region in Terms of Labour Pain Intensity and Labour Outcomes among Nulliparous: an Interventional Study

“…10 Further, this study demonstrated that duration of labour was not reduced in experimental group. Similarly, Akbarzadeh et al, 12 reported that there was no significant difference in the duration of the first stage in the experimental and control group. These findings were contradictory to the study done by Behmanesh et al, 7 where duration of the first stage (P<0.001) and the third stage of labour ( P<0.001) was reduced in experimental group.…”

“…10 Heat also helps in vasodilation and thus increasing the flow of blood. 11 Warm compression is very simple to apply with no undesirable effect on mother and fetus 12 as well as help the mother by decreasing labour pain 12 and improve maternal satisfaction, 9 hence investigator used new method that is hydrochollator pack which consist silicon crystals to give warm compression (moist heat) as a nonpharmacological and non-invasive method for three times at the interval of one hour to get relief from labour pain as well as to assess the effect of moist heat for longer duration. The study was conducted with the aim of investigation the effect of moist heat therapy on lumbosacral region on pain of labour, duration of three stages and fetal outcomes in nulliparous mothers.…”

Parturition in Mammals: Animal Models, Pain and Distress

“…Within foetal characteristics are higher body weight and foetal position. Intolerable pain in humans results in a high catecholamine release, which leads to less uterine blood perfusion, reduces uterine contractions' effectiveness, and, consequently, prolongs labour [95]. Also, it induces dystocia, exhaustion, and foetal distress, in addition to postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder [5,96,97].…”

“…These responses are hypothesised to produce maternal metabolic acidaemia, foetal acidosis, and dysfunctional labour. Such effects can be mostly harmless in the course of eutocic delivery [95]. However, pain that an individual is unable to control leads to increased release of catecholamines, reduced uterine contractions and the consequent dystocia, fatigue, foetal suffering, and postpartum posttraumatic stress disorder [5,96].…”

“…Several authors have reported that prolonged labour induces distress, fear and exhaustion, and the risk of damage, intrapartum and perinatal mortality. It also leads to increased use of oxytocin, higher frequency of CS and device use in vaginal delivery (i.e., vacuum or forceps), postpartum fever and reduced umbilical pH [95,183,184]. There are also descriptions that stress generated by parturition pain influences the diminished oxytocin level and prolonged labour.…”