The effect of urethane and MS-222 anesthesia on the electric organ discharge of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Eske, Annika I; Lehotzky, Dávid; Ahmed, Mariam; Zupanc, Günther K.H.

doi:10.1007/s00359-022-01606-6

Cited by 3 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“… 2006 ; Eske et al. 2023 ). Both type 1 and type 2 chirps are rather short (duration approximately 20 ms) but distinct in terms of the degree of frequency increase (400 Hz versus 100 Hz) and amplitude reduction (approximately 50% versus <10%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas the species as whole occupies a broad EOD frequency range, the frequency of the discharges of a given individual within this frequency band is highly constant, as indicated by the coefficient of variation [cv = (standard deviation / mean) 100 (%)], which assumes values of less than 0.2% over 30-min (Eske et al. 2023 ). Nevertheless, transient modulations may occur, resulting in diversification of the generic EOD signal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, during stimulation with the EODs of conspecific fish or with electric signals mimicking such EODs, or after administration of certain drugs, chirp production may increase one-thousand-fold to rates as high as 2 s -1 (Zupanc and Maler 1993 ; Engler and Zupanc 2001 ; Eske et al. 2023 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While chirps can be elicited from either sex, at similar rates, through application of pharmacological agents (Eske et al. 2023 ), during electric interaction with conspecifics or in response to electric stimuli mimicking a fish’s EOD males chirp at much higher rates than females (Zupanc and Maler 1993 ; Dulka and Maler 1994 ; Dunlap et al. 1998 ; Dunlap 2002 ; Triefenbach and Zakon 2003 ; Hupé and Lewis 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2019 ) and a method based on assumed chirp waveform (Eske et al. 2023 ) have been used for chirp detection. Whereas these approaches can be successfully employed for the identification of pre-defined chirp types, the definition of chirp categories is subject to the investigator’s bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supervised learning algorithm for analysis of communication signals in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Lehotzky,

Zupanc

2023

J Comp Physiol A

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Signal analysis plays a preeminent role in neuroethological research. Traditionally, signal identification has been based on pre-defined signal (sub-)types, thus being subject to the investigator’s bias. To address this deficiency, we have developed a supervised learning algorithm for the detection of subtypes of chirps—frequency/amplitude modulations of the electric organ discharge that are generated predominantly during electric interactions of individuals of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. This machine learning paradigm can learn, from a ‘ground truth’ data set, a function that assigns proper outputs (here: time instances of chirps and associated chirp types) to inputs (here: time-series frequency and amplitude data). By employing this artificial intelligence approach, we have validated previous classifications of chirps into different types and shown that further differentiation into subtypes is possible. This demonstration of its superiority compared to traditional methods might serve as proof-of-principle of the suitability of the supervised machine learning paradigm for a broad range of signals to be analyzed in neuroethology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Supervised learning algorithm for analysis of communication signals in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Lehotzky,

Zupanc

2023

J Comp Physiol A

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The effect of eugenol anesthesia on the electric organ discharge of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Lehotzky,

Eske,

Zupanc

2023

Fish Physiol Biochem

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Eugenol, the major active ingredient of clove oil, is widely used for anesthesia in fish. Yet virtually nothing is known about its effects on CNS functions, and thus about potential interference with neurophysiological experimentation. To address this issue, we employed a neuro-behavioral assay recently developed for testing of water-soluble anesthetic agents. The unique feature of this in-vivo tool is that it utilizes a readily accessible behavior, the electric organ discharge (EOD), as a proxy of the neural activity generated by a brainstem oscillator, the pacemaker nucleus, in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. A deep state of anesthesia, as assessed by the cessation of locomotor activity, was induced within less than 3 min at concentrations of 30–60 µL/L eugenol. This change in locomotor activity was paralleled by a dose-dependent, pronounced decrease in EOD frequency. After removal of the fish from the anesthetic solution, the frequency returned to baseline levels within 30 min. Eugenol also led to a significant increase in the rate of ‘chirps,’ specific amplitude/frequency modulations of the EOD, during the 30 min after the fish’s exposure to the anesthetic. At 60 µL/L, eugenol induced a collapse of the EOD amplitude after about 3.5 min in half of the fish tested. The results of our study indicate strong effects of eugenol on CNS functions. We hypothesize that these effects are mediated by the established pharmacological activity of eugenol to block the generation of action potentials and to reduce the excitability of neurons; as well as to potentiate GABAA-receptor responses.

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Effectiveness of the garlic (Allium sativum) juice on removing the Pacific abalone postlarvae (Haliotis discus hannai) and subsequent growth evaluation

The effect of urethane and MS-222 anesthesia on the electric organ discharge of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Cited by 3 publications

References 60 publications

Supervised learning algorithm for analysis of communication signals in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Supervised learning algorithm for analysis of communication signals in the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

The effect of eugenol anesthesia on the electric organ discharge of the weakly electric fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus

Effectiveness of the garlic (Allium sativum) juice on removing the Pacific abalone postlarvae (Haliotis discus hannai) and subsequent growth evaluation

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