The Effect of Variation Concentration of Tetrahydrohexagamavunon-5 (Thhgv-5) in Emulgel Preparation on Acute Dermal Irritation Effect and Sun Protecting Factor (Spf) Value

Abstract

Objective: A tropical nation experiences intense daytime solar radiation. The likelihood that this condition will result in skin conditions like skin cancer may increase. The skin can be protected as one strategy for coping with this poor potency. Applying various cosmetic products to the skin can provide protection. Due to the antioxidant activity of certain components, various active ingredient types are used in the formulation of those products. A chemical that was created from the structure of curcumin is one of the examples. This substance is referred to as a curcumin analog. THHGV-5 is an analog of curcumin that has strong antioxidant properties. The purpose of this investigation is to ascertain how different Tetrahydropentagamavunon-5 (THHGV-5) concentrations affect the emulgel's sun-protecting factor (SPF) value and irritancy effect. Methods: The three different concentrations of THHGV-5 emulgel are 1.50%, 1.75%, and 2.00%. Then, tests are conducted on the physical qualities (organoleptic, pH, adhesion, dispersiility, and viscosity). The UV spectrophotometric method was used to determine the SPF value of THHGV-5 emulgel in vitro. Regression analysis was used to examine the SPF values from measurements. The acute dermal irritation method was used to measure the Primary Irritation Index (PII) in real-time. The Indonesian Food and Drug Administration's In vivo Non-Clinical Toxicity Test Guidelines are followed by this procedure. PII results were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis statistical analysis with a 95% confidence level. Results: SPF and PII values will rise as a result of increasing the THHGV-5 content in the formulae. The concentration of THHGV-5 (1.50%, 1.75%, and 2.00%) causes the increase of the SPF values of the formulas (5.76±1.10, 13.03±1.39, and 15.77±0.22) by moderate, maximum, and ultra protection. PII values obtained are significantly different, with a significance level of ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: According to the study's findings, emulgel formulas with higher THHGV-5 concentrations would have higher SPF values and irritant effects. Since a tropical country's SPF recommendation is 15, THHGV-5 with a 2.00% concentration will be able to provide enough protection. However, a study of three different THHGV-5 concentrations (1.50%, 1,75%, and 2.00%) revealed that none of the formulae were skin-safe since they can irritate the skin.