The effect of vasopressin (Pitressin) administration and dehydration on the concentration of solutes in renal fluids of rats with and without hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus

Lee, J.; Williams, P. G.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1972.sp009732

Cited by 24 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 32 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…There is no reason to suppose that the rats used in the present experiments failed to bind vasopressin, since in the absence of AUase their response to antidiuretic stimulus was typical of that observed in normal rats by many workers as regards urinary hyperosmolality and medullary solute gradient (e.g. Saikia, 1965a, b;Gardner & Vierling, 1969;Hai & Thomas, 1969;Atherton, Evans, Green & Thomas, 1971;Lee & Williams, 1972;Lote & Snape, 1977) and increased Ca excretion (Thorn, 1961).…”

Section: R 0 Law and D Rowen Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

Law¹,

Rowen²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. The influence of urinary hyaluronidase (believed to be predominantly of renal origin) on the urinary concentrating process has been studied in rats subjected to antidiuretic stimulus.2. Antiserum against a partially purified preparation of this enzyme has been raised in rabbits. Urinary volume, solute excretion and medullary composition have been investigated in rats treated with this antiserum (0-2 ml./100 g body weight, i.v.) before water deprivation for 48 hr or infusion for up to 4 hr with arginine-vasopressin. Control rats were pre-treated with normal rabbit serum.3. Pre-treatment with antiserum against rat urinary hyaluronidase (AUase) caused water-deprived rats to excrete urine at a rate significantly greater, and of osmolality significantly lower, than that recorded in control rats.4. The increase in medullary solute gradient which typically accompanies antidiuresis was significantly reduced in water-deprived rats pre-treated with AUase.5. In rats treated with AUase and infused for 4 hr with arginine-vasopressin, there was no significant increase in the medullary solute gradient, whereas this increased markedly in control rats. 6. During the first 24 hr of water deprivation there was an increase in the rate of Ca excretion by control rats which was abolished by pre-treatment with AUase.7. The effects of antiserum against a partially purified preparation of rat testicular hyaluronidase (ATase) were studied in water-deprived rats. No evidence was obtained that this enzyme has any influence on renal function. 8. It is concluded that urinary hyaluronidase, but not testicular hyaluronidase, plays an important role in facilitating the urinary concentrating process following antidiuretic stimulus.

show abstract

Section: R 0 Law and D Rowen Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

Law¹,

Rowen²

1981

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…While the normal urine concentration of the heterozygous rat is generally lower than that of the Long Evans or Wistar strains of rats (usually over 2000 mosmol/kg H20) the exogenous administration of Pitressin (1000 mu/24 h) failed to increase further the urine osmolality (Laycock & Williams, 1973). However, Lee & Williams;(1972), did observe that the stimulus of 72 h dehydration to the heterozygous rat was sufficient to raise drastically the urine osmolality to a maximum value of 4560 with a mean of 3300 mosmol/kg. Thus, while urine concentrating ability is present in these animals with a stimulus such as dehydration, the renal response to vasopressin is less impressive.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is important to note that the daily administration of Pitressin (1000 mu/24 h) to the DI rat failed to increase its urine concentration above that of the untreated heterozygous rat (about 1400 mosmol/kg), and even the additional stimulus of dehydration for 72 h only increased urine osmolality insigificantly to a median value of 1500 mosmol/kg (Lee & Williams, 1972). While the normal urine concentration of the heterozygous rat is generally lower than that of the Long Evans or Wistar strains of rats (usually over 2000 mosmol/kg H20) the exogenous administration of Pitressin (1000 mu/24 h) failed to increase further the urine osmolality (Laycock & Williams, 1973).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Effect of Chlorpropamide on Water Balance in Pitressin‐treated Brattleboro Rats

Laycock

Lee

Lewis

1974

British J Pharmacology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1 The daily administration of a 5% glucose solution to the heterozygous Brattleboro rat produced an experimental model in a comparable state of polydipsia and polyuria to the homozygous rat with diabetes insipidus (DI). 2 The effect of chlorpropamide on water metabolism was then examined in both the homozygous DI rat treated with submaximal doses of pitressin tannate in oil (Pitressin), and in the glucose-hydrated heterozygous rat with and without simultaneous pitressin therapy. 3 A dose-response curve for chlorpropamide (5, 10, and 20 mg/24 h) in DI rats treated with Pitressin (25 mu/24 h) indicated that the drug decreased fluid intake further, but only by a maximum of 13.8% (at the 20 mg/24 h dose of chlorpropamide), differing markedly from results obtained in patients with diabetes insipidus. A second experiment in which chlorpropamide (5 mg/24 h) was administered to DI rats treated with Pitressin (either 25 or 50 mu/24 h) confirmed the lack of any significant drug-effect on water metabolism in these animals. 4 Chlorpropamide (20 mg/24 h), when administered alone or simultaneously with a submaximal dose of Pitressin (25 mu/24 h), had no obvious effect on the fluid intake of glucose-hydrated heterozygous rats. The absence of any action by chlorpropamide on water metabolism was confirmed in these experimental animals using 5 mg/24 h of the drug together with Pitressin (either 25 or 50 mu/24 hours). SIndirect evidence for the slower growth-rate in the DI rat being due to an insufficient daily calorific intake was obtained from the study on glucose-hydrated heterozygous rats.

show abstract

“…AVP replacement did not fully restore the water balance of DI/H rats to that seen in NZGH animals. Longer-term AVP replacement may be required to overcome the altered renal fluid handling resulting from chronic vasopressin deficiency (Lee & Williams, 1972). Simpson, Phelan, Jones, Butt, Young & Ledingham (1979) have reported a reduced ability of NZGH rats, compared with NZN rats, to excrete an intravenous isotonic saline load.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure and renal function in a novel vasopressin‐deficient, genetically hypertensive rat strain.

Ashton

Balment

1989

The Journal of Physiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY1. Hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus was introduced into the New Zealand genetically hypertensive (NZGH) rat and its normotensive substrain (NZN) by cross-breeding males with female Brattleboro diabetes insipidus (DI) rats.2. Selective breeding of the resultant DI/hypertensive (DI/H) rats on the basis of maximum systolic blood pressure and vasopressin deficiency produced animals in the F6 generation with blood pressures at 10 weeks of age higher than in DI/ normotensive rats (DI/N), but much lower than in age-matched NZGH animals. Age-matched NZN and DI/N rats had comparable blood pressures.3. Fluid turnover was far greater in DI/N and DI/H rats than in NZN and NZGH rats. Although comparable in DI/N and NZN rats, water balance (intake -urinary loss) was reduced in DI/H rats by comparison with NZGH rats.4. Sodium balance was lower in DI/N rats compared with NZN rats but did not differ between DI/H and NZGH animals. Both DI groups had lower potassium balances.5. Basal plasma vasopressin was elevated in NZGH rats compared with NZN rats, while vasopressin was undetectable in DI animals. Plasma aldosterone levels did not differ between groups, but corticosterone was lower in DI/N and DI/H rats by comparison with NZN and NZGH rats.6. Replacement of vasopressin to achieve physiological plasma hormone levels restored normal fluid management in DI animals and was associated with a modest increase in systolic blood pressure in DI/N animals, compared with sham-treated rats. A much larger increase in blood pressure was observed in AVP-treated DI/H animals, but blood pressure remained below that in NZGH rats.7. It is apparent that vasopressin may contribute to the hypertension of the NZGH rat and that it may be required from an early age. The mode of this contribution is unclear, but abnormal renal responses have been identified.

show abstract

The effect of vasopressin (Pitressin) administration and dehydration on the concentration of solutes in renal fluids of rats with and without hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus

Cited by 24 publications

References 32 publications

The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

The influence of hyaluronidase on urinary and renal medullary composition following antidiuretic stimulus in the rat.

The Effect of Chlorpropamide on Water Balance in Pitressin‐treated Brattleboro Rats

Blood pressure and renal function in a novel vasopressin‐deficient, genetically hypertensive rat strain.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About