The effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial

Visser, Marianne E; Grewal, Harleen M. S.; Swart, Rina; Dhansay, Muhammad A.; Walzl, Gerhard; Swanevelder, Sonja; Lombard, Carl; Maartens, Gary

doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.001784

Cited by 59 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The study received ethical approval from the University of Cape Town ethics committee and was done in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration. The micronutrient intervention had no effect on the outcomes (26). A description of the primary study has been published (26).…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patients were randomized to receive micronutrient or placebo intervention in a previously conducted prospective doubleblind controlled study of 154 patients from Cape Town, South Africa (26). The study received ethical approval from the University of Cape Town ethics committee and was done in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The micronutrient intervention had no effect on the outcomes (26). A description of the primary study has been published (26). The patients were recruited at baseline and followed up weekly for 8 weeks after starting treatment.…”

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Nonlinear Interactions of Pharmacokinetics and MICs on Sputum Bacillary Kill Rates as a Marker of Sterilizing Effect in Tuberculosis

Cosson

Pasipanodya

Visser

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

125

152

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dThe relationships between antituberculosis drug exposure and treatment effects on humans receiving multidrug therapy are complex and nonlinear. In patients on treatment, an analysis of the rate of decline in the sputum bacillary burden reveals two slopes. The first is the ␣-slope, which is thought to reflect bactericidal effect, followed by a ␤-slope, which is thought to reflect sterilizing activity. We sought to characterize the effects of standard first-line treatment on sterilizing activity. Fifty-four patients receiving combination therapy for pulmonary tuberculosis in a clinical trial had drug concentrations measured and Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates available for MIC identification. Sputum sample cultures were performed at baseline and weekly for 8 weeks. A time-to-event model based on the days to positivity in the liquid cultures was used to estimate the ␤-slope. The pharmacokinetic parameters of rifampin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide were determined for each patient. Multivariate adaptive regression splines analyses, which simultaneously perform linear and nonlinear analyses, were used to identify the relationships between the predictors and the ␤-slope.

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Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of Nonlinear Interactions of Pharmacokinetics and MICs on Sputum Bacillary Kill Rates as a Marker of Sterilizing Effect in Tuberculosis

Cosson

Pasipanodya

Visser

et al. 2015

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

125

152

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“…These results indicated that Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn were indirect pointers but not specifi c markers of TBC. Low concentrations of vitamin A and zinc are common in SVJETLANA LUTEROTTI 1 TONČICA VUKMAN KORDIĆ 2 IVKA ZORIČIĆ LETOJA 3 SLAVICA DODIG 3 sera of TBC patients. However, Visser et al (3) detected no eff ect of supplementation with vitamin A and zinc aft er an 8-week treatment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to investigations dealing with adult patients (e.g., refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6], there are only a few papers dealing with childhood tuberculosis (7-10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution to diagnostics/prognostics of tuberculosis in children. II. Indicative value of metal ions and biochemical parameters in serum

et al. 2015

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Newly introduced methods of assaying simultaneously copper and zinc and zinc alone in serum by flame atomic-absorption spectrometry are simple and economical, especially in saving the consumption of serum material. Along with biochemical parameters, they have been successfully applied to diagnostics/prognostics of tuberculosis in children, through analyses of sera from pediatric patients with lung tuberculosis or suspected tuberculosis, enabling the follow-up of therapeutic efficiency. The prognostic strength of Cu and Cu/Zn ratio together with C-reactive protein, complement components C3 and C4, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate have been documented.

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Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection

Visser¹,

Durão

Sinclair

et al. 2017

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Background Micronutrient deficiencies are common among adults living with HIV disease, particularly in low‐income settings where the diet may be low in essential vitamins and minerals. Some micronutrients play critical roles in maintenance of the immune system, and routine supplementation could therefore be beneficial. This is an update of a Cochrane Review previously published in 2010. Objectives To assess whether micronutrient supplements are effective and safe in reducing mortality and HIV‐related morbidity of HIV‐positive adults (excluding pregnant women). Search methods We performed literature searches from January 2010 to 18 November 2016 for new randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of micronutrient supplements since the previous review included all trials identified from searches prior to 2010. We searched the CENTRAL (the Cochrane Library), Embase, and PubMed databases. Also we checked the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) and the ClinicalTrials.gov trials registers. We also checked the reference lists of all new included trials. Selection criteria We included RCTs that compared supplements that contained either single, dual, or multiple micronutrients with placebo, no treatment, or other supplements. We excluded studies that were primarily designed to investigate the role of micronutrients for the treatment of HIV‐positive participants with metabolic morbidity related to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Primary outcomes included all‐cause mortality, morbidity, and disease progression. Data collection and analysis Two review authors independently selected trials for inclusion, and appraised trial quality for risk of bias. Where possible, we presented results as risk ratios (RR) for dichotomous variables, as hazard ratios (HRs) for time‐to‐event data, and as mean differences (MD) for continuous variables, each with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Since we were often unable to pool the outcome data, we tabulated it for each comparison. We assessed the certainty of the evidence using the GRADE approach. Main results We included 33 trials with 10,325 participants, of which 17 trials were new trials. Ten trials compared a daily multiple micronutrient supplement to placebo in doses up to 20 times the dietary reference intake, and one trial compared a daily standard dose with a high daily dose of multivitamins. Nineteen trials compared supplementation with single or dual micronutrients (such as vitamins A and D, zinc, and selenium) to placebo, and three trials compared different dosages or combinations of micronutrients. Multiple micronutrients We conducted analyses across antiretroviral therapy (ART)‐naive adults (3 trials, 1448 participants), adults on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (1 trial, 400 participants), and ART‐naive adults with concurrent active tuber...

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The effect of vitamin A and zinc supplementation on treatment outcomes in pulmonary tuberculosis: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract: Supplementation with vitamin A and zinc did not affect treatment outcomes in participants with pulmonary tuberculosis at 8 wk. This trial was registered at controlled-trials.com as ISRCTN80852505.

Cited by 59 publications

References 30 publications

Impact of Nonlinear Interactions of Pharmacokinetics and MICs on Sputum Bacillary Kill Rates as a Marker of Sterilizing Effect in Tuberculosis

Impact of Nonlinear Interactions of Pharmacokinetics and MICs on Sputum Bacillary Kill Rates as a Marker of Sterilizing Effect in Tuberculosis

Contribution to diagnostics/prognostics of tuberculosis in children. II. Indicative value of metal ions and biochemical parameters in serum

Micronutrient supplementation in adults with HIV infection

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