The effect of vitamin D supplementation on acute respiratory tract infection in older Australian adults: an analysis of data from the D-Health Trial

Pham, Hai; Waterhouse, Mary; Baxter, Catherine; Romero, Briony Duarte; McLeod, Donald S A; Armstrong, Bruce K.; Ebeling, Peter R.; English, Dallas R.; Härtel, Günter; Kimlin, Michael G.; Martineau, Adrian R.; O’Connell, Rachel; Pols, Jolieke C. van der; Venn, Alison; Webb, Penelope M.; Whiteman, David C.; Neale, Rachel E.

doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30380-6

Cited by 55 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, another prespecified analysis from the D-Health RCT in more than 20,000 Australian adults recruited from the general population suggested that monthly doses of 60,000 IU of vitamin D did not reduce the risk or severity of acute respiratory tract infections. Although the analysis showed a statistically significant effect on the overall duration of symptoms, the reduction was small (0.5 days) and unlikely to be clinically meaningful [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using genetic variants to evaluate the causal effect of serum vitamin D concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits: a Mendelian randomization study

Cui

Tian

2021

J Transl Med

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Background The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has struck globally and is exerting a devastating toll on humans. The pandemic has led to calls for widespread vitamin D supplementation in public. However, evidence supporting the role of vitamin D in the COVID-19 pandemic remains controversial. Methods We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to analyze the causal effect of the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits by using summary-level GWAS data. The causal associations were estimated with inverse variance weighted (IVW) with fixed effects (IVW-fixed) and random effects (IVW-random), MR-Egger, weighted edian and MR Robust Adjusted Profile Score (MR.RAPS) methods. We further applied the MR Steiger filtering method, MR Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier (MR-PRESSO) global test and PhenoScanner tool to check and remove single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were horizontally pleiotropic. Results We found no evidence to support the causal associations between the serum 25(OH)D concentration and the risk of COVID-19 susceptibility [IVW-fixed: odds ratio (OR) = 0.9049, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.8197–0.9988, p = 0.0473], severity (IVW-fixed: OR = 1.0298, 95% CI 0.7699–1.3775, p = 0.8432) and hospitalized traits (IVW-fixed: OR = 1.0713, 95% CI 0.8819–1.3013, p = 0.4878) using outlier removed sets at a Bonferroni-corrected p threshold of 0.0167. Sensitivity analyses did not reveal any sign of horizontal pleiotropy. Conclusions Our MR analysis provided precise evidence that genetically lowered serum 25(OH)D concentrations were not causally associated with COVID-19 susceptibility, severity or hospitalized traits. Our study did not provide evidence assessing the role of vitamin D supplementation during the COVID-19 pandemic. High-quality randomized controlled trials are necessary to explore and define the role of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using genetic variants to evaluate the causal effect of serum vitamin D concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits: a Mendelian randomization study

Cui

Tian

2021

J Transl Med

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“…However, recent meta-analyses found that the evidence to support vitamin D supplementation for the prevention or treatment of COVID-19 was inconclusive (13)(14)(15). In line with this, a randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial found that vitamin D supplementation did not reduce the overall risk of acute respiratory tract infection in general (16). Thus, whether vitamin D affects the susceptibility to and the course of COVID-19 is still an open question.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normal T and B Cell Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 in a Family With a Non-Functional Vitamin D Receptor: A Case Report

et al. 2021

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely impacted daily life all over the world. Any measures to slow down the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to decrease disease severity are highly requested. Recent studies have reported inverse correlations between plasma levels of vitamin D and susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity. Therefore, it has been proposed to supplement the general population with vitamin D to reduce the impact of COVID-19. However, by studying the course of COVID-19 and the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in a family with a mutated, non-functional vitamin D receptor, we here demonstrate that vitamin D signaling was dispensable for mounting an efficient adaptive immune response against SARS-CoV-2 in this family. Although these observations might not directly be transferred to the general population, they question a central role of vitamin D in the generation of adaptive immunity against SARS-CoV-2.

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“…Der Zusammenhang zwischen Vitamin D und COVID-19 ist nach wie vor umstritten, obwohl viele bekannten Interaktionen zwischen Vitamin D, Immunität und anderen häufigen Infektionen bekannt sind, die sich wie folgt zusammenfassen lassen. Studien aus der Zeit vor der COVID-Pandemie hatten gezeigt, dass niedrige Vitamin-D-Spiegel mit höheren Infektionsraten verbunden waren 16 , wobei die Substitution mit Vitamin D zu einer Senkung der Rate von manchen aber nicht allen Virusinfektionen geführt hatte 17 18 . In Bezug auf COVID-19 deuten in vitro Studien darauf hin, dass aktiviertes Vitamin D die Replikation von SARS-CoV-2 deutlich verringern kann 19 .…”

Section: Interaktionen Zwischen Sars-cov2 Und Knochenhomöstaseunclassified

Osteoporose-Management während der COVID-19 Pandemie

Tsourdi

2022

Osteologie

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Aim The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the management of many chronic conditions including osteoporosis as resources are re-allocated to urgent care. Methods This mini-review summarizes the effects of COVID-19 on diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. Evidence regarding possible effects of osteoporosis medications on COVID-19 outcomes and the relationship of COVID-19 vaccination to osteoporosis care is reviewed. Finally, initiation and maintenance of osteoporosis treatment during the pandemic are highlighted. Results The use of standard procedures for the diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk significantly decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, while the incidence of fragility fractures was mostly unaltered. Both COVID-19 per se and its treatments are associated with a negative impact on bone health. Osteoporosis medications do not aggravate the clinical course of COVID-19, while preclinical data suggests possible beneficial effects of some therapies. While vitamin D deficiency is clearly associated with a worse clinical course of COVID-19, evidence of outcome improvement through vitamin D supplementation is lacking. Osteoporosis treatment should not be generally discontinued, and recommendations for substituting therapies are available. Osteoporosis therapies do not interfere with the efficacy or side-effect profiles of COVID-19 vaccines and should not be stopped or indefinitely delayed because of vaccination. Conclusion The diagnosis and management of osteoporosis are challenging during the COVID-19 pandemic. Osteoporosis medications are safe and effective and should be continued. Further studies will elucidate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on long-term bone health.

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The effect of vitamin D supplementation on acute respiratory tract infection in older Australian adults: an analysis of data from the D-Health Trial

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

Using genetic variants to evaluate the causal effect of serum vitamin D concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits: a Mendelian randomization study

Using genetic variants to evaluate the causal effect of serum vitamin D concentration on COVID-19 susceptibility, severity and hospitalization traits: a Mendelian randomization study

Normal T and B Cell Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 in a Family With a Non-Functional Vitamin D Receptor: A Case Report

Osteoporose-Management während der COVID-19 Pandemie

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