The Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Severity of Bronchiolitis in Infants

Erol, Meltem; Kaya, Hüseyin; Gayret, Özlem Bostan; Yiğit, Özgül; Hamilçıkan, Şahin; Can, Emrah

doi:10.4274/jpr.97658

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Current study revealed no significant difference in respiratory rate at discharge between children with vitamin D and those with no vitamin D. This finding is similar to Rajshekhar et al (20) study in India which found that supplementation of vitamin D to less than 5 years age children with pneumonia would not improve the primary outcomes. This finding regarding respiratory rate is inconsistent with results of Erol et al (21) study in Turkey which found that vitamin D deficiency was associated with severity of bronchiolitis in children. Many authors proved that vitamin D deficiency in both mothers and children was associated with high risk of acute lower respiratory tract infections (22) , while others reported no significant association between vitamin D deficiency and acute lower respiratory tract infections (23) .…”

Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 95%

Role of Vitamin D on Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Children

Falah¹,

FICMS²,

CABP³

2020

IJAR

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Background: Vitamin D plays a major role in growth and development of children. Optimal levels of vitamin D in first year of life are found to be preventive for lower respiratory tract infections. Aim of Study:To assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on treatment of bronchiolitis. Patients and methods:This study is prospective follow up study conducted in Pediatric Wards of Al-Imamain Medical city in Baghdad through the period from 1 st of January, 2018 to 31 st of January, 2019 on convenient sample of 200 children with bronchiolitis divided into two group .group A include 98 children who were managed by traditional treatment of bronchiolitis (oxygen ,fluid ,frequent sucking of secretion ) and V.D supplementation (400 iu)daily and group B that include 102 children managed with traditional treatment only . The vital signs and hospital stay duration of children were assessed daily . Results: No significant differences were observed between two study groups regarding demographic, social, clinical and feeding characteristics. Also no significant differences were observed regarding respiratory rate at admission and at discharge. There was a significant difference regarding heart rate at discharge (p=0.05). A significant association was observed between children with vitamin D and shorter hospital stay duration (p<0.001).

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Section: Discussion:-contrasting

confidence: 95%

Role of Vitamin D on Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Children

Falah¹,

FICMS²,

CABP³

2020

IJAR

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“…So far, conflicting results have been reported about this association. Our finding is in line with a study on 102 children aged 1–24 months with bronchiolitis, in which vitamin D concentration was significantly lower in the hospitalized group than in the non-hospitalized group [ 19 ]. Moreover, a deficit of vitamin D serum levels has been described in children aged <2 years hospitalized for bronchiolitis in the previous study by Halasa et al [ 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Personal and Environmental Risk Factors at Birth and Hospital Admission: Direct and Vitamin D-Mediated Effects on Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Italian Children

Zaffanello

Ferrante

Fasola

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Seasonal variations in UV-B radiation may influence vitamin D status, and this, in turn, may influence the risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization. The aim of this study was using a causal inference approach to investigate, simultaneously, the interrelationships between personal and environmental risk factors at birth/hospital admission (RFBH), serum vitamin D levels and bronchiolitis hospitalization. A total of 63 children (<2 years old) hospitalized for bronchiolitis (34 RSV-positive) and 63 controls were consecutively enrolled (2014–2016). Vitamin D levels and some RFBH (birth season, birth weight, gestational age, gender, age, weight, hospitalization season) were recorded. The discovered RFBH effects on the risk ok bronchiolitis hospitalization were decomposed into direct and vitamin-D mediated ones through Mediation Analysis. Winter-spring season (vs. summer-autumn) was significantly associated with lower vitamin D levels (mean difference −11.14 nmol/L). Increasing serum vitamin D levels were significantly associated with a lower risk of bronchiolitis hospitalization (OR = 0.84 for a 10-nmol/L increase). Winter-spring season and gestational age (one-week increase) were significantly and directly associated with bronchiolitis hospitalization (OR = 6.37 and OR = 0.78 respectively), while vitamin D-mediated effects were negligible (1.21 and 1.02 respectively). Using a comprehensive causal approach may enhance the understanding of the complex interrelationships among RFBH, vitamin D and bronchiolitis hospitalization.

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“…Since 1997, it has been shown in developing countries, where malnutrition and micronutrient deficiency were more common, that the incidence of pneumonia was higher in children with rickets [ 124 , 126 , 131 ], and treatment failure was seen more frequently in rachitic children [ 132 ]. Similar studies were conducted worldwide, evaluating the circulating levels of vitamin D in children with LRTI and in controls: several studies found that lower vitamin D levels were associated with higher risk of developing an acute respiratory tract infection [ 125 , 130 , 132 , 133 , 135 , 139 , 144 ], or were linked to a more severe course of illness [ 136 , 142 ], with more frequent need for oxygen supplementation, ventilation support [ 134 ], or increased risk of intensive care unit (ICU) admission and longer hospital stay [ 143 ].…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…We searched PubMed using keywords such as “vitamin D” and “lower respiratory tract infections” or “viral infections,” focusing on studies on pediatric populations, including both observational studies and clinical trials. Numerous studies investigated the association between low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and increased susceptibility to LRTI in childhood, as listed in Table 4 [ 124 , 125 , 126 , 127 , 128 , 129 , 130 , 131 , 132 , 133 , 134 , 135 , 136 , 137 , 138 , 139 , 140 , 141 , 142 , 143 , 144 , 145 , 146 ].…”

Section: Vitamin Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Micronutrients in Support of the Immune Response against Viral Infections

et al. 2020

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Viral infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the importance of public health practices including handwashing and vaccinations in reducing their spread is well established. Furthermore, it is well known that proper nutrition can help support optimal immune function, reducing the impact of infections. Several vitamins and trace elements play an important role in supporting the cells of the immune system, thus increasing the resistance to infections. Other nutrients, such as omega-3 fatty acids, help sustain optimal function of the immune system. The main aim of this manuscript is to discuss of the potential role of micronutrients supplementation in supporting immunity, particularly against respiratory virus infections. Literature analysis showed that in vitro and observational studies, and clinical trials, highlight the important role of vitamins A, C, and D, omega-3 fatty acids, and zinc in modulating the immune response. Supplementation with vitamins, omega 3 fatty acids and zinc appears to be a safe and low-cost way to support optimal function of the immune system, with the potential to reduce the risk and consequences of infection, including viral respiratory infections. Supplementation should be in addition to a healthy diet and fall within recommended upper safety limits set by scientific expert bodies. Therefore, implementing an optimal nutrition, with micronutrients and omega-3 fatty acids supplementation, might be a cost-effective, underestimated strategy to help reduce the burden of infectious diseases worldwide, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

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The Effect of Vitamin D Deficiency on the Severity of Bronchiolitis in Infants

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Role of Vitamin D on Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Children

Role of Vitamin D on Treatment of Bronchiolitis in Children

Personal and Environmental Risk Factors at Birth and Hospital Admission: Direct and Vitamin D-Mediated Effects on Bronchiolitis Hospitalization in Italian Children

The Role of Micronutrients in Support of the Immune Response against Viral Infections

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