The effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, estradiol levels and severity of symptoms in women with postpartum depression: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Amini, Shirin; Amani, Reza; Jafarirad, Sima; Cheraghian, Bahman; Sayyah, Mehdi; Hemmati, Ali Asghar

doi:10.1080/1028415x.2019.1707396

Cited by 33 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…[ 27 ] Nine studies reported that vitamin D deficiency was directly associated to the incidence of PPD and sleep quality. [ 20 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 ] One study reported an indirect association,[ 22 ] three researches did not observe any relationship between vitamin D status, sleep disorders and PPD[ 23 32 33 ] and one study reported a direct association to anxiety but did not find any relationship to PPD. [ 34 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of vitamin D on the PPD score was larger when vitamin D was given alone than given together with calcium. [ 31 ] A study was performed on American women at high risk of depression to examine the effects of omega-3 supplementation on depressive symptoms in 2016. As the secondary result, the study showed that low level of vitamin D in early pregnancy associate to depressive and anxiety symptoms during pregnancy and not postpartum depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is vitamin D status associated with depression, anxiety and sleep quality in pregnancy: A systematic review

2020

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Background: Women's mental health is a significant health issue for pregnant women during and after pregnancy. Postpartum depression (PPD) is defined as the presence of depression in the 1 st year after delivery. This study reviews the relationship between Vitamin D levels, anxiety and poor sleep quality related to pregnancy. Materials and Methods: A systematic search was conducted on documents presented in PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Science Direct, Google Scholar and Web of Science databases until March 2020. Three separate search paths were considered for three different disorders with particular keywords. All observational studies that investigate the relationship between Vitamin D levels and PPD, sleep disorders, and anxiety were selected for inclusion in the study. Results: Search yielded 14 eligible studies. Quality of most included studies was medium to high. Nine studies reported that Vitamin D deficiency was directly associated to the incidence of PPD and sleep disorders. One study reported an indirect association, and three researches did not observe any association between Vitamin D status, sleep disorders and PPD. One study reported a direct association to anxiety but did not have any relation to PPD. Conclusions: PPD and sleep quality during pregnancy associated to Vitamin D deficiency directly. Although studies have several limitations, the importance of sufficient Vitamin D status in pregnant women has been addressed in all studies, especially regarding the prevention of PPD, anxiety, and poor sleep quality during the pregnancy.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is vitamin D status associated with depression, anxiety and sleep quality in pregnancy: A systematic review

2020

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“…Our search identified a total of 2810 manuscripts, of which there were 21 eligible articles (see Figure 1 for flow); two RCTs [ 29 , 30 ]; and 18 observational studies [ 29 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 ], including one trial that also reported associations between depression and vitamin D status at trial entry [ 29 ] and two cohorts that reported results across multiple publications [ 42 , 43 , 47 , 48 ]. One potentially eligible case-control study was excluded, as it was reported as a dissertation from 2013 and had not been peer reviewed [ 50 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Vitamin D during Pregnancy and Postnatally and Symptoms of Depression in the Antenatal and Postpartum Period from Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

et al. 2022

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Depression is a common mood disorder associated with childbirth and is hypothesized to be affected by low vitamin D. This systematic review identified two randomized controlled trials (RCT) of vitamin D supplementation for the treatment or prevention of depressive symptoms in the perinatal period, as well as 18 observational studies of vitamin D exposure and depression in the antenatal and postnatal periods. Both RCTs claimed an improvement in depressive symptoms in the vitamin D group, although the sample sizes were too small to draw firm conclusions. The case-control and cohort studies had mixed findings and were limited by study quality. There were inconsistent results within the few studies with a more robust methodology or within samples restricted to women likely to have depression. The current evidence is inconclusive due to the poor quality and heterogeneity of studies, likely contributing to the contradictory findings. Given there are already numerous RCTs of prenatal vitamin D supplementation, we recommend adding an appropriate measure of depression in the perinatal period to assist in resolving the uncertainty.

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“…The interdependence of vitamin D with calcium is widely known, and it is intuited that it plays an important role in the matter in question, since calcium stimulates signaling for the activation of gonadotropin, which in turn will lead to an increase in luteinizing and follicle-stimulating hormone which, as a consequence, increases the production of estradiol (E2). After childbirth, the demand for calcium increases and, with it, the demand for vitamin D. However, a study in which supplementation with vitamin D and calcium was combined in women with PPD versus placebo concluded that it cannot be stated that vitamin D decreases the severity of symptoms through increased E2 [ 198 ]. It should be noted that vitamin D could play an important role in improving depression in this group, but the lack of studies casts uncertainty on whether its effect is due to the relationship in the HPA axis, serotonin, hormonal and inflammatory levels or other mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of PPD [ 199 , 200 , 201 ].…”

Section: The Importance Of Malnutrition In Mdd From a Sex-gender Pers...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Problem of Malnutrition Associated with Major Depressive Disorder from a Sex-Gender Perspective

et al. 2022

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) is an incapacitating condition characterized by loss of interest, anhedonia and low mood, which affects almost 4% of people worldwide. With rising prevalence, it is considered a public health issue that affects economic productivity and heavily increases health costs alone or as a comorbidity for other pandemic non-communicable diseases (such as obesity, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, inflammatory bowel diseases, etc.). What is even more noteworthy is the double number of women suffering from MDD compared to men. In fact, this sex-related ratio has been contemplated since men and women have different sexual hormone oscillations, where women meet significant changes depending on the age range and moment of life (menstruation, premenstruation, pregnancy, postpartum, menopause…), which seem to be associated with susceptibility to depressive symptoms. For instance, a decreased estrogen level promotes decreased activation of serotonin transporters. Nevertheless, sexual hormones are not the only triggers that alter neurotransmission of monoamines and other neuropeptides. Actually, different dietary habits and/or nutritional requirements for specific moments of life severely affect MDD pathophysiology in women. In this context, the present review aims to descriptively collect information regarding the role of malnutrition in MDD onset and course, focusing on female patient and especially macro- and micronutrient deficiencies (amino acids, ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω3 PUFAs), folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, minerals…), besides providing evidence for future nutritional intervention programs with a sex-gender perspective that hopefully improves mental health and quality of life in women.

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The effect of vitamin D and calcium supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, estradiol levels and severity of symptoms in women with postpartum depression: a randomized double-blind clinical trial

Cited by 33 publications

References 37 publications

Is vitamin D status associated with depression, anxiety and sleep quality in pregnancy: A systematic review

Is vitamin D status associated with depression, anxiety and sleep quality in pregnancy: A systematic review

A Systematic Review of Vitamin D during Pregnancy and Postnatally and Symptoms of Depression in the Antenatal and Postpartum Period from Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

The Problem of Malnutrition Associated with Major Depressive Disorder from a Sex-Gender Perspective

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