The effect of water and mycorrhizal infection on the distribution of Carlina vulgar is on sand dunes

Abstract

On sand dunes at Meijendel (the Netherlands) the thistle Carlina vulgaris grows almost exclusively near shrubs of willow (Salix repens) and more rarely near shrubs of sea buckthorn (Hippophaë rhamnoides), although both scrubs occur in similar frequency The critical stage in the life cycle is the phase of establishment of seedlings, which is better in Salix than in Hippophae Once established, the performance of plants IS better under buckthom than willow Watering greatly improved seedling establishment and subsequent growth, especially under sea buckthom As a result, after watering the total biomass of C vulgaris became even higher in buckthom scrub than in willow Because of its higher humus content, the water content of the top 10 cm of the soil was consistently higher (c 55%) under willow than buckthom Apparently low water availability prevents C vulgaris from establishing outside willow scrub but once this limitation has been overcome, other habitats are entirely suitable for growth Roots of C vulgaris plants in unwatered plots in willow were less colonized by mycorrhiza than in buckthom plots Our results do not indicate that mycorrhiza helps seedling establishment

Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the taxa belonging to the genus Carlina L.(Asteraceae) in Turkey

“…Again, some research used molecular data related to pollen morphology for the Asteraceae family [13,14]. The association between C. vulgaris species and Salix repens taxon was supported using seedlings of Salix taxon grown in humid soil, using water pools in artificial areas on sandy hills and found that they may be suitable areas for C. vulgaris mycorrhiza [15]. Research was performed on C. vulgaris taxa and population dynamics.…”