The effect of water level in vertical aquaculture systems on production performance, biochemistry, hematology, and histology of Anguilla bicolor bicolor

Abstract

The water level in the cultivation of eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) is an important study in order to provide the optimal water level for cultivation. Optimizing the water level will affect the substitution of respiration energy with energy to grow. In addition, the water level information is related to the efficiency of water use for eel production in the future. Information on water level for eel production is still very limited, so this research is necessary to do. A total of 120 eel elver (initial weight 13.66 ± 0.09 g) were collected from eel companies in Bogor City, Indonesia. Fish were reared in vertical aquaculture systems with a stocking density of 10 fish per container for 60 days. The artificial feed containing 55% protein given as much as 3–5% of the biomass. Absorption and water replacement were done 20% per day. The result of this research showed that fish weight increased with an average of 33.45 ± 0.33 g. Different water levels had an impact to KKb, SGOT, ALP, and He. There was erosion of the skin epidermis and necrosis of the gill filaments due to the adaptation process. Water quality was within the optimum range for all treatments and 1.5 cm water level is recommended for maintenance (SGOT, ALP and He values were closest to normal values).

Histological, physiological, and transcriptomic responses of hepatopancreas to air exposure in asian freshwater clam Corbicula fluminea

“…Previous studies showed that air exposure can destroy the histological structures of many tissues, including gill, skin, intestines, and hepatopancreas, in aquatic animals (Lu et al, 2021;Harianto et al, 2022). In the current study, we observed the histopathological alterations of the hepatopancreas in C. fluminea under air exposure.…”

“…When exposed to air, aquatic animals have less access to oxygen and face severe stress of hypoxia. Lots of evidence indicate that severe air exposure will cause several adverse effects on aquatic animals, such as oxidative stress injury, cell apoptosis, destruction of the histological structure, disruption of energy homeostasis, poor muscle quality, reduced growth, and even death (Arlinghaus and Hallermann, 2007;Gu et al, 2017;Lu et al, 2021;Harianto et al, 2022). To cope with desiccation and hypoxia stress of air exposure, aquatic animals can mobilize multiple adaptive physiological and molecular mechanisms, including changing respiratory metabolic strategies, enhancing immune function, increasing antioxidant defense, and altering gene expression (Romero et al, 2007;Bao et al, 2019).…”

Water and land efficiency in eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) rearing in development of urban aquaculture through vertical aquaculture system

“…This result is higher when compared to other studies, namely eels reared in aquaponics systems, phytoremediation in large volumes of water with growth and feed conversion values of 0.3%-1.19% and 1.57-3.91 respectively [16,35]. Other studies have shown that the lower water level used in elver eel research in vertical aquaculture results in high specific growth rates and low FCR [36]. Other results in this study indicate that the lower the water needs, the better the difference between final and initial weights, AWG and FC.…”

Production performance of nursery graded eel Anguilla bicolor bicolor in recirculating aquaculture system

“…Blood glucose describes the physiological response of fish to environmental changes. High blood glucose values indicate a stress response in fish (Harianto et al 2021). The lowest blood glucose was observed on day 45 th of treatment B about 20 mg dL -1 , while the highest blood glucose was observed on day 60 th of treatment C (53 mg dL -1 ).…”