The Effect of Water Limitation on Volatile Emission, Tree Defense Response, and Brood Success of Dendroctonus ponderosae in Two Pine Hosts, Lodgepole, and Jack Pine

Lusebrink, Inka; Erbilgin, Nadir; Evenden, Maya L.

doi:10.3389/fevo.2016.00002

Cited by 27 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Higher pheromone production leads to a rapid and successful aggregation on jack pine (Erbilgin et al ., , ). Second, the fitness of MPB emerging from jack pine was superior in terms of body size relative to MPB emerging from lodgepole pine (Lusebrink et al ., ). Body size can influence beetle fitness, as larger beetles can disperse further, have better survival and lay more eggs than smaller beetles (Graf et al ., ).…”

Section: Approach Undertakenmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytochemicals as mediators for host range expansion of a native invasive forest insect herbivore

Erbilgin

2018

New Phytologist

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Summary Mountain pine beetle (MPB) has recently invaded jack pine forests in western Canada. This invasion signifies a climate change‐induced range expansion by a native insect. The mechanism underlying this invasion is unknown, but likely involves phytochemicals that play critical roles in MPB biology. Thus far, studies have investigated the compatibility of jack pine chemistry with beetles and their microbial symbionts. I have identified three phytochemical mechanisms that have likely facilitated the host range expansion of MPB. First, jack pine chemistry is overall similar to that of the historical hosts of MPB. In particular, jack pine chemistry is compatible with beetle pheromone production, aggregation on host trees and larval development. Furthermore, the compatibility of jack pine chemistry maintains beneficial interactions between MPB and its microbial symbionts. Second, compared with historical hosts, the novel host not only has lower concentrations of toxic and repellent defense chemicals, but also contains large concentrations of chemicals promoting host colonization by MPB. These patterns are especially pronounced when comparing novel hosts with well‐defended historical hosts. Finally, before MPBs arrived in jack pine forests, they invaded a zone of hybrids of novel and historical hosts that likely improved beetle success on jack pine, as hybrids show chemical characteristics of both hosts. In conclusion, the phytochemistry of jack pine has likely facilitated the biological invasion of this novel host by MPB.

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Section: Approach Undertakenmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytochemicals as mediators for host range expansion of a native invasive forest insect herbivore

Erbilgin

2018

New Phytologist

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“…clavigera than seedlings with normal water. We suspect that the initial response is likely driven by the non-structural carbohydrates stored in plant tissues; however, continued production of defenses may require allocation of newly synthesized carbohydrates [ 10 , 12 , 61 – 64 ] if stored carbohydrates are exhausted by the initial attacks.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought stress leads to systemic induced susceptibility to a nectrotrophic fungus associated with mountain pine beetle in Pinus banksiana seedlings

2017

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Conifers have complex defense responses to initial attacks by insects and pathogens that can have cascading effects on success of subsequent colonizers. However, drought can affect a plant's ability to respond to biotic agents by potentially altering the resources needed for the energetically costly production of induced defense chemicals. We investigated the impact of reduced water on induced chemical defenses of jack pine (Pinus banksiana) seedlings from initial attack by biotic agents and resistance to subsequent challenge inoculation with a pathogenic fungal associate of mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae), Grosmannia clavigera. Applications of phytohormones (methyl salicylate and methyl jasmonate) and G. clavigera were used for initial induction of defenses. Monoterpene concentrations varied with initial induction from fungal and phytohormone application while watering treatment had no effect. Seedlings treated with G. clavigera and methyl jasmonate had the greatest monoterpene concentrations compared to the control and methyl salicylate-treated seedlings. However, the monoterpene response to the challenge inoculation varied with watering treatments, not with prior induction treatments, with lower monoterpene concentrations in fungal lesions on seedlings in the low to moderate watering treatments compared to normal watering treatment. Furthermore, prior induction from phytohormones resulted in systemic cross-induction of resistance to G. clavigera under normal watering treatment but susceptibility under low watering treatment. Seedlings stressed by low water conditions, which also had lower stomatal conductance than seedlings in the normal watering treatment, likely allocated resources to initial defense response but were left unable to acquire further resources for subsequent responses. Our results demonstrate that drought can affect interactions among tree-infesting organisms through systemic cross-induction of susceptibility.

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“…The health status of individual trees, as well as of the forest ecosystem, was associated with physical stresses caused by pests, including water stress and nutrition deficiency [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Due to restricted water and nutrient use efficiency, as well as altered metabolic dynamics after pest infestation, trees can become more susceptible to subsequent, secondary biotic and abiotic stresses [16,17]. Stresses aggravate each other and develop into a cascade that accelerates the heath deterioration of trees and the forest ecosystem [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thirst or Malnutrition: The Impacts of Invasive Insect Agrilus mali on the Physiological Status of Wild Apple Trees

Zhang

Cui

et al. 2020

Forests

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Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) M. Roem is a tertiary relict tree species and a rare and valuable resource for germplasm conservation. Since 1995, its wild forest has been severely destroyed by a devastating wood-boring beetle Agrilus mali Matsumura (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. Where it invaded, this beetle infested more than 95% of the forests, and 80% of wild apple trees were reported dead in the hotspots. The physiological damage by A. mali infestation and their causality to tree death remain unclear. In this study, we attempted to explain the wild apple dieback from plant physiological perspectives, based on the hypothesis that the more damage M. sieversii suffered from the infestation of A. mali, the less water and fewer nutrients it could utilize. The study was conducted on trees with different extents of damage in wild apple forests over a large scale during 2016 and 2017. The stable carbon isotope ratio in leaves was analyzed to indicate tree water stress status. Total N, total P, total K, Ca2+ and Mg2+ were analyzed to reflect plant mineral nutrient status. The extent of damage was significantly associated with the leaf stable carbon isotope ratio in the drier year of 2016, but not significantly in 2017 with heavy rainfall in spring. The mineral nutrient contents of leaves were not significantly different among the four damage rankings in either year. The water stress experienced by M. sieversii was aggravated by the damage caused by A. mali, especially in a drought year, and indicates that the long-term water deficit caused by A. mali infestation may be the key factor leading to the decline of wild apple forests. The finding suggests the necessity of aerial irrigation for sustainable integrated pest management in wild apple trees.

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The Effect of Water Limitation on Volatile Emission, Tree Defense Response, and Brood Success of Dendroctonus ponderosae in Two Pine Hosts, Lodgepole, and Jack Pine

Cited by 27 publications

References 65 publications

Phytochemicals as mediators for host range expansion of a native invasive forest insect herbivore

Phytochemicals as mediators for host range expansion of a native invasive forest insect herbivore

Drought stress leads to systemic induced susceptibility to a nectrotrophic fungus associated with mountain pine beetle in Pinus banksiana seedlings

Thirst or Malnutrition: The Impacts of Invasive Insect Agrilus mali on the Physiological Status of Wild Apple Trees

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