The effect of water temperature and reactor geometry on turbulent flocculation

Hanson, Adrian

doi:10.31274/rtd-180813-11937

Cited by 4 publications

(32 citation statements)

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“…Lyophilic and Lyophobic Colloids (Hunter, 1987) Relative bond strength of different types of bond G-value and the corresponding limiting particle size for the Safftnan and Turner model; this size is the Kolmogorov Microscale of turbulence (Hanson, 1989) Results of application of the numerical method by Ayesa et al (1991) to three groups of data…”

Section: List Of Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Gregory, 1989). Kaolin clay has a net negative surface charge of 0.15 to 0.20 C/m^ where C is coulombs and m is meter (Hanson, 1989). Because of this net surface charge, a layer of counter ions is developed surrounding the particle.…”

Section: Dynamics Of a Colloidal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This summed interaction is material and geometry specific. For a flat geometry the equation for van der Waals attraction is given by (Hanson, 1989): The parameter "A" is material specific and has been named after H. C. Hamaker, who did much of the original work in this area. The expression for the constant A for two identical materials interacting across a third can be given as follows (Israelachvili, 1985): Hamaker's constant is much affected by the presence of dissolved salts and is considerably reduced at high ionic strengths, essentially by a "damping effect" (Gregory, 1989), but it is not sensitive to large temperature change.…”

Section: = Coulombs Cj = a Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since both e and n of the Hamaker's constant depend on density of solvent (p), Hamaker's constant (A) is also influenced by the solvation forces. So oscillatory solvation forces are often thought of as van der Waals forces at small separation distances with the molecular properties of the liquid taken into account (Hanson, 1989).…”

Section: Solvation Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The breakup terms will assume the same form as the two terms just presented in Equation 3.6 except the sign on them will be opposite. That is, particles will be growing into the class size due to breakage of larger floe, and particles will be leaving the class size due to breakup to smaller floe (Hanson, 1989).…”

Section: 4j Orthokinetic Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of various mixing devices and patterns on flocculation kinetics in water treatment

Sajjad¹

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Distribution of hydrolysis products (x,y) at I = IM and 25°C in (a) O.IM Fe(III), (b) lO'^M Fe(III), and (c) solutions saturated with a-FeO(OH) Distribution of hydrolysis products (x,y) at I = IM and 25°C in (a) O.IM Al(III), (b) lO'^M Al(IIl), and (c) solutions saturated with a-Al(0H)3 Distribution of 5.0 x 10"^ M hydrolyzed aluminum (III) as a function of pH Species composition of aluminum sulfate solutions Species composition of ferric chloride solutions Species composition of ferric sulfate solutions Rate constants for water exchange, and mean residence times for water molecules in primary hydration shells, for 2+ and 3+ metal ions, at 298°K The alum coagulation diagram and its relationship to zeta potential The ferric chloride coagulation diagram for turbidity removal 78 Zeta potential of kaolinite in aluminum sulfate solutions 81 Micrelectrophoresis mobility of kaolinite and Fe floes 81 Ferric chloride and alum coagulation diagrams [hatched areas represent sweep floe zones for ferric chloride (\\\) and alum (///)] 84 Figure 6.42. Effect of coagulant type on flocculation kinetics of kaolinite clay at temperature = 23° C and pH = 7.8

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Section: List Of Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamics Of a Colloidal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: = Coulombs Cj = a Constantmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solvation Forcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: 4j Orthokinetic Flocculationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of various mixing devices and patterns on flocculation kinetics in water treatment

Sajjad¹

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The Effects of Temperature on Turbulent Flocculation: Fluid Dynamics and Chemistry

Hanson¹,

Cleasby²

1990

Journal AWWA

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One of the primary objectives of the research described here was to identify the best available measure of the intensity of turbulence with a view to correcting the mixing intensity of the flocculation process to compensate for temperature effects. It was concluded, however, that no one measure of turbulence intensity is better than another. The authors observed that flocculation efficiency at 20°C is not sensitive to impeller geometry, but at 5°C impeller geometry is much more important. A turbine impeller caused much more floe breakup than a stake and stator impeller. With metal coagulants, the use of constant pOH is appropriate for correcting system chemistry for temperature effects. Alum floc was significantly weaker than iron floc under all conditions tested.

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Flocculation kinetics using Fe(III) coagulant in water treatment: the effects of sulfate and temperature

Kang¹

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AIA Automatic Image Analysis C scattering cross-section of particles 8 power input per unit mass G root mean square velocity gradient AHr" reaction standard enthalpy AHf formation standard enthalpy Homog. homogenized kaolin suspension I ionic strength Ki, K2 equilibrium constant K"" intrinsic surface complexation constant Ko5 stability constant for outer-sphere complex Kto solubility product K" ion product of water K-w water loss rate constant N particle number or rotational impeller speed r| Kolmogoroff microscale of turbulence NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Unit

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The effect of water temperature and reactor geometry on turbulent flocculation

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of various mixing devices and patterns on flocculation kinetics in water treatment

Effect of various mixing devices and patterns on flocculation kinetics in water treatment

The Effects of Temperature on Turbulent Flocculation: Fluid Dynamics and Chemistry

Flocculation kinetics using Fe(III) coagulant in water treatment: the effects of sulfate and temperature

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