The effect of workplace bullying on fatigue in school teachers: the moderating roles of gender and spirituality

Abstract

Workplace bullying is quite prevalent and has been linked to many health complaints. The relationship between workplace bullying and fatigue was documented in previous studies. However, knowledge on how this relationship develops with the interplaying factors of spirituality and gender was not investigated before especially among schoolteachers. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between workplace bullying and fatigue as moderated by spirituality and gender among schoolteachers in Lebanon. This is a cross-sectional study, where 215 schoolteachers aged 18 till 64 and employed for a minimum of 6 months were recruited through systematic sampling. Six private and six public schools in Beirut participated in the study. Online questionnaires using validated scales were used. Both simple and multiple ordinal logistic regression were performed for the statistical analysis. Results showed that workplace bullying is a predictor of fatigue with an odds ratio of 2.74 and p-value 0.008. Gender was found to be an effect modifier for this relationship, mainly among females (OR 2.66, p-value 0.047) but not among males. Anxiety and depression also predicted higher levels of fatigue (OR 5.75, p-value 0.017). Spirituality did not moderate this relationship.

Exploring the role of self-determination theory and theory of planned behaviour in understanding the link between spiritual motivation and university-industry collaboration

“…The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale has been applied in diverse contexts and employed by academics in various fields. Significantly, it has been utilised in the realms of workplace (Khairallah et al, 2023), entrepreneurial intension (Margaça et al, 2021), heath care (Gavriel-Fried et al, 2020) and among other fields. The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale has been widely acknowledged by researchers in several disciplines as a valuable tool for quantifying and comprehending spirituality.…”

“…The Intrinsic Spirituality Scale has been applied in diverse contexts and employed by academics in various fields. Significantly, it has been utilised in the realms of workplace (Khairallah et al. , 2023), entrepreneurial intension (Margaça et al ., 2021), heath care (Gavriel-Fried et al.…”