The Effect of Wrist Guards on Wrist and Arm Injuries Among Snowboarders: A Systematic Review

Russell, Kelly; Hagel, Brent; Francescutti, Louis Hugo

doi:10.1097/jsm.0b013e31803f901b

Cited by 97 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the optimal type of wrist guard to most effectively prevent wrist injuries has not been identified. There is no conclusive evidence whether or not wrist guards increase the risk of shoulder, shoulder girdle or elbow injuries (Hagel, 2005;Russell et al, 2007). For skiers, strapless poles have not been shown to decrease the incidence of skier's thumb.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

ECSS Position Statement 2009: Prevention of acute sports injuries

Steffen

Andersen

Krosshaug

et al. 2010

European Journal of Sport Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To maximize the health benefits of sports and exercise and to minimize the direct and indirect costs associated with injuries, developing and adopting injury prevention strategies is an important goal. The aim of this ECSS consensus paper on injury prevention is to review current evidence on injury prevention methods and training programmes aimed at reducing the most common or severe types of acute injuries. The target audience is everyone involved in protecting the health of the athlete, including coaches, referees, medical staff, sports governing bodies, as well as athletes themselves. Effective sports injury prevention requires successful implementation of efficacious interventions. This paper reviews the main mechanisms and risk factors for acute injuries to the head, shoulder, elbow, hand/wrist, groin, thigh, knee, and ankle, as well as the evidence supporting various strategies to prevent them. Approaches that have been shown to be successful include: (1) using equipment designed to reduce injury risk, (2) adopting the rules of play, and (3) specific exercise programmes developed to reduce injury risk. Sports organizations should adopt available injury prevention strategies as part of their policies.

show abstract

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wrist protectors are, beside helmet use, one of the simplest strategies to prevent injuries in snowboarding. For every 50 snowboarders who wear a wrist guard, one wrist injury will be averted (Russell et al, 2007). However, the optimal type of wrist guard to most effectively prevent wrist injuries has not been identified.…”

Section: Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECSS Position Statement 2009: Prevention of acute sports injuries

Steffen

Andersen

Krosshaug

et al. 2010

European Journal of Sport Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24) . Low rates of helmet and wrist guard usage give rise to further questions such as whether the role of protective equipment is being effectively conveyed to participants and, secondly, if participants are indeed ignoring the message about the potential protective role of wrist guards and helmets, then why?…”

Section: Protective Equipment Usagementioning

confidence: 99%

Snowboarding Injuries in Australia: Investigating Risk Factors in Wrist Fractures to Enhance Injury Prevention Strategies

Dickson

Terwiel

2011

Wilderness & Environmental Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Objective: To investigate risk factors associated with wrist fractures in snowboarders to inform future snowsport safety strategies.Design: A prospective case-control study using a non-probability convenience sample was conducted with data collected via a respondent completed questionnaire. Those presenting with injuries other than wrist fractures acted as the control.Participants: Snowboarders with a snowboard-related injury who presented to one of 10 medical centres and physiotherapy clinics in resort medical centres and gateway communities across the Australian snowsport season in 2007. Results:The 611 respondents reported 802 injuries (61.3% were males and 51.5% were aged 16-25 years). Protective equipment was worn by 57.0% of respondents. The main reason for not wearing a wrist guard was that they did not see the need, of these 12.9% experienced a wrist fracture. Most injuries occurred on-piste, in a terrain park or in a lesson. The main mechanism of injury was falling over. The major risk factors for wrist fractures were age < 16 years (OR 3.97, CI 2.54 to 6.22), being on holidays in the alpine area (OR 2.77, CI 1.47 to 5.21) and a first day snowboard participant (OR 2.02, CI 1.15 to 3.64). A direct logistic regression indicated that three variables had a statistically significant contribution to the model (age <16 years, being on holidays in the region and not wearing a wrist guard). Conclusions:The key risk factors in this Australian study reflect other international studies, providing a clear market segment for targeted snowsport safety messages for those under 16 years, visitors to the alpine regions and those not wearing wrist guards.

show abstract

“…A wide range of risk factors have been investigated in a number of studies including modifiable factors such as helmet use [32,10,30,[33][34][35][36], wrist guard use [37][38][39]6, 40], ability [41,42], alcohol use [43,44] and terrain condition [45][46][47][48]. Non-modifiable factors such as age [49][50][51], sex [52][53][54][55] and weather [56,57,29] have also been examined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recreational Snow-Sports Injury Risk Factors and Countermeasures: A Meta-Analysis Review and Haddon Matrix Evaluation

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Snow sports injuries risk factors and countermeasures 2 listed above qualify for authorship based on making one or more of the substantial contributions to the intellectual content of the manuscript.The opinions expressed are those solely of the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the Accident Compensation Corporation, New Zealand. Abstract Background:Snow sports (alpine skiing/snowboarding) would benefit from easily implemented and cost effective injury prevention countermeasures that are effective at reducing injury rate and severity. Objective:For snow sports, to identify risk factors and to quantify evidence for effectiveness of injury prevention countermeasures. Methods:Searches of electronic literature databases to February 2014 identified 98 journal articles focused on snow sports that met inclusion criteria and were reviewed. Pooled odds ratios with 90% confidence interval and inferences (OR; 90%CI, % likelihood benefit/harm) were calculated using data from 55 studies using a spread sheet for combining independent groups with a weighting factor based on quality rating scores for effects. Results:More experienced skiers and snowboarders are more likely to sustain an injury as the result of jumps, while beginners sustain injuries primarily as a result of falls. Key risk factors that countermeasure interventions should focus on include beginner skiers (OR 2.72; 90%CI 2.15-3.44, 99% most likely harmful), beginner snowboarders (OR 2.66; 90%CI 2.08-3.40, 99% harmful), skiers/snowboarders who rent snow equipment (OR 2.58; 90%CI 1.98-3.37, 99% harmful) and poor visibility due to inclement weather (OR 2.69; 90%CI 1.43-5.07, 97% harmful). Effective countermeasures include helmets for skiers/snowboarders to prevent head injuries (OR 0.58; 90%CI 0.51-0.66, 99% most likely beneficial), and wrist guards for snowboarders to prevent wrist injuries (OR 0.33; 90%CI 0.23-0.47, 99% beneficial). Discussion:Snow sports injuries risk factors and countermeasures 3 The review identified key risk factors for snow sport injuries and evaluated the evidence for the effectiveness of existing injury prevention countermeasures in recreational (general public use of slopes, not racing) snow sports using a Haddon's matrix conceptual framework for injury causation (host/snow sport participant, agent/mechanism and environment/community). Conclusion:Best evidence for effectiveness of injury prevention countermeasures in recreational snow sports was for the use of helmets and wrist guards and to address low visibility issues via weather reports and signage.

show abstract

The Effect of Wrist Guards on Wrist and Arm Injuries Among Snowboarders: A Systematic Review

Cited by 97 publications

References 21 publications

ECSS Position Statement 2009: Prevention of acute sports injuries

ECSS Position Statement 2009: Prevention of acute sports injuries

Snowboarding Injuries in Australia: Investigating Risk Factors in Wrist Fractures to Enhance Injury Prevention Strategies

Recreational Snow-Sports Injury Risk Factors and Countermeasures: A Meta-Analysis Review and Haddon Matrix Evaluation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About