The effect on anxiety level of coronary angiographic result and the perception of pain

Abstract

The most common diseases in adults is Coronary Artery Disease (CAD). 1 According to the report on Cardiac Diseases in Turkish Adults and Risk Factors (RCDTARF) in 2009, CAD is in the first place as a cause of death both in males and females and CAD-related deaths are higher than in all of the European countries. 2 Coronary angiography (CAG) is a common invasive diagnostic method used for diagnosing and assessing CAD and heart valve diseases. 3,4 The CAG implementation causes to experience intensive stress, pain and anxiety as well as fear of death in many patients. 5 Many factors including previous experience, pain, anxiety, foreign environment and fear contribute to ABSTRACT Background: The problems and complications experienced by the patients who underwent a CAG due to their pain and anxiety can be minimized through a care plan prepared to meet their needs and a coordinated teamwork. In this prospective and descriptive study we aimed at determining the effect of coronary angiography results and perceived pain on anxiety level in patients who undergoing coronary angiography. Methods: The study was carried out with patients who were implemented coronary angiography for the first time at the cardiology clinic of Osmaniye private new life hospital between May 2014 and August 2014. The study data were collected using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), a verbal pain rating scale and a questionnaire that was prepared by the investigators. The descriptive data are given in the form of arithmetic mean Standard Deviation (SD), numbers and percentage distribution. The correlations between the variables were assessed using crosstabs, one-way ANOVA and the Pearson's correlation analysis. The data were evaluated in 95% confidence interval and at a significance level of P <0.05. Results: 35.9% of the patients stated that they felt severe pain. The mean anxiety score was 36.746.81 and those who felt very severe and unbearable pain had higher mean anxiety scores (P <0.01). Those who had three coronary diseases had higher anxiety levels (41.149.30) than those who had an atherosclerotic stenosis and #8805;50% (normal) (35.945.49) (P <0.01). Gender had an influence on pain levels (P <0.01). Conclusion: Coronary angiography results and pain perception were determined to be statistically significant effects on anxiety level. A statistically significant correlation was found between pain and anxiety. In general, pain and anxiety affect each other positively; an increase in one results in an increase in the other.

Anxiety and Its Associated Factors Among Older Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

“…This agreed with Ozdemir et al (2015) in Turkey who reported higher rates of anxiety in patients with angina symptoms while waiting several weeks to months before operation. Atik et al (2015) found higher total anxiety scores in patients who experienced chest pain attacks, and Basara et al (2015) in Turkey by who examined rates of anxiety in patients with chest pain admitted to the emergency department and reported that anxiety is a common symptom among patients with chest pain and whose undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention anticipated higher levels of anxiety from chest pain. Besides, de Heer et al (2020) in Netherlands, who examined whether chest pain increased the risk of anxiety and found that chest pains predicted more extreme anxiety level.…”

The Effect of Benson Relaxation on the Anxiety of Patients under Radial Angiography: A Randomized Clinical Trial

“…Angiography is the gold standard test for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease; however, more than 82% of patients have anxiety and stress before angiography, which significantly affects the diagnostic test, and it is known to be a disturbing therapeutic agent, while its chronic form can be considered as an exacerbating factor in cardiovascular disease (7).…”

“…Radial artery spasm is the thinning of the diameter of the radial artery, which occurs suddenly and temporarily. Radial artery spasm causes pain and discomfort in the patient, as well as a decrease in the success rate of radial angiography (9), and in the event of higher intensity of spasticity and lack of prevention and treatment, it may lead to failure of radial angiography and alteration of vascular access to operating angiography (7,10). Radial artery spasm can easily arise due to fear, anxiety, and pain (8,11,12), and shows the need to control anxiety to prevent spasticity and subsequent complications in radial angiography.…”

Reply to the letter: “Postintervention pain levels after elective coronary angiography”

“…The level of anxiety before the procedure is directly proportional to the pain. There are various studies on this subject 4,5 . However, in our study, we focused more on the differences in pain levels at access sites.…”