The effect on conception rates of semen diluents containing citrate or phosphate buffer, with all combinations of sulphanilamide, streptomycin and penicillin

Campbell, Rebecca E.; Edwards, J. Vincent

doi:10.1017/s0021859600039617

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…With mammalian semen the citrate buffer has been shown to be superior to the phosphate buffer for storage (Campbell and Edwards, 1955), in contrast to the results of this research. However, under more optimal conditions citrate might be used successfully.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Various Anions on the Fertilizing Capacity of Fowl Spermatozoa

Auger

Wilcox

1964

Poultry Science

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 98%

The Effect of Various Anions on the Fertilizing Capacity of Fowl Spermatozoa

Auger

Wilcox

1964

Poultry Science

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“…Similar depression of motility, and also of metabolic activity, due to the inclusion of phosphate in semen diluents has been observed by several authors (Bishop 1954;Dauzier, Thibault, and Wintenberger 1954;Mann and White 1957;Salisbury and Nakabayashi 1957) while O'Shea and Wales (1964) showed that phosphate increased the deleterious effects of high levels of potassium (64 mM). However, other authors have obtained satisfactory motility and fertility results from the use of semen of various species diluted in solutions containing phosphate (Emmens 1947;Campbell and Edwards 1955;Wales and White 1963;Dott 1964;Dott and White 1964).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phosphate buffers commonly were employed by early workers (Anderson 1945) but were replaced by mixtures of citrate and egg yolk as diluents for bull semen because an optically clearer medium resulted (Salisbury, Fuller, and Willett 1941). However, fertility results indicated that phosphate diluents were superior to those containing citrate (Campbell and Edwards 1955). Other buffer systems which have proved satisfactory in diluents for bull semen are: bicarbonate (Kampschmidt et al 1951;Kampschmidt, Mayer, and Herman 1953;VanDemark and Sharma 1957); and Tris (Bomstein and SteberlI959).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Some Buffers and Inorganic and Organic Sodium Salts in Synthetic Diluents for the Storage of Ram Spermatozoa At 37 or 5°C

Lapwood¹,

Martin²

1972

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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Buffers, inorganic and organic salts, salts of volatile fatty acids, and lyophilized non-dialysable skim milk solids were tested in saline-sugar diluents used for storage of ram spermatozoa at 37 and 5°C.When tested at 5°C, phosphate, veronal-HCI, and Tris-HCl buffers improved the value of diluents which did not contain milk solids. At 37°C, and at 5°C in diluents containing milk solids, these three buffers depressed the activity of spermatozoa, while a fourth, Tris-maleate, was toxic in all experiments.20 mM sodium sulphate, in diluents without milk solids, and 20 mM sodium tetraborate were valuable additions to diluents used at 37 and 5°C, respectively, but scores of activity of spermatozoa were reduced to zero when the level of the latter salt was increased to 40 mM. Diluents containing 20 or 40 mM lactate, pyruvate, succinate, or citrate generally depressed the activity of spermatozoa stored at either temperature, succinate and citrate being particularly deleterious at 5°C.When sodium salts of volatile fatty acids (C1-C6) were used in diluents at concentration between 1 and 20 mM, inclusions of up to 5 mM were beneficial at 5°C. At 37°C, none of these salts improved the value of the diluents, and sodium acetate was the only one which did not depress activity when tested at a level of 20 mM.The survival of spermatozoa was improved by the addition of 0·5 % lyophilized non-dialysable skim milk solids to the diluent.

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The comparative fertility of bovine semen of four ages diluted with skim-milk and skim-milk + glycerol

O'Connor¹,

Smith²

1959

J. Agric. Sci.

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With One Text-figure)The fertility of bovine semen diluted with egg-yolk citrate, egg-yolk phosphate or milk diluents and stored in a liquid state declines fairly rapidly with increasing age until, by the fourth day after collection, its fertility is generally unsatisfactory. However, McLean (1956) has shown that the livability of liquid semen may be prolonged by the addition of glycerol to either egg-yolk citrate or boiled homogenized whole-milk diluents, and Albright, Ehlers & Erb (1958) who experimented with a variety of extenders found that, in general, the addition of 7-5% glycerol reduced the decline in motility with increasing age. Williams, Green & Dombroske (1957) reported that the fertility of 1-, 2-, and 3-day-old semen diluted with heated homogenized whole milk containing 10% glycerol was higher than that of semen of those ages diluted with milk alone. Campbell (1953) has drawn attention to the importance in the commercial use of artificial insemination of maintaining the non-return percentage of liquid semen at a satisfactory level beyond the day of collection. The purpose of this experiment was to determine whether the fertility of liquid semen could be prolonged by the addition of 10% glycerol to the heat treated skim-milk diluent normally used at Milk Marketing Board A.I. Centres. EXPERIMENTAL CENTRESIt proved possible for sixteen of the twenty-two Milk Marketing Board A.I. Centres to complete the experiment satisfactorily, and at each the Veterinary Officer concerned selected a Friesian bull capable of maintaining an adequate supply of good quality semen over the 6-week experimental period. One collection per week was taken from each of the sixteen bulls, giving a total of six collections from each bull during the course of the experiment. The collections were taken on Monday mornings and the semen was used on the day following collection and on the subsequent 3 days, thereby avoiding the use of experimental semen at week-ends. The semen was approximately 24 +, 48 + , 72+ and 96+ hr. old when it was used and semen of these ages will be referred to as 1-day, 2-day, 3-day and 4-day-old semen.Each collection from each bull was split. One half was diluted with heat-treated skim-milk, to which streptomycin and penicillin had previously been added, and cooled to 5° C. The other half was diluted with half the final volume of heat-treated skim-milk with antibiotics, cooled gradually to 5° C and an equal volume of skim-milk containing 20% glycerol was added in 3 aliquots at lOmin. intervals giving a 10 % concentration of glycerol in the final diluent. Each half was divided into four parts to be used on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th days of age respectively. The diluted semen was stored at 5° C. until use.In order to simplify record keeping the main centre used one diluent (e.g. milk) in a given week and its subcentres used the other diluent (in this case milk + glycerol) in the same week. For each age the numbers of first inseminations and returns within 90-120 days were recorded for each treatment and eac...

show abstract

The effect on conception rates of semen diluents containing citrate or phosphate buffer, with all combinations of sulphanilamide, streptomycin and penicillin

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

The Effect of Various Anions on the Fertilizing Capacity of Fowl Spermatozoa

The Effect of Various Anions on the Fertilizing Capacity of Fowl Spermatozoa

Effects of Some Buffers and Inorganic and Organic Sodium Salts in Synthetic Diluents for the Storage of Ram Spermatozoa At 37 or 5°C

The comparative fertility of bovine semen of four ages diluted with skim-milk and skim-milk + glycerol

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