The Effect on Energy Efficiency of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia on Brass, Copper and Hardened Steel Nozzle in Additive Manufacturing

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate if a thermal barrier coating (TBC) affected the energy efficiency of 3D printers. In accordance with this purpose, the used TBC technique is clearly explained and adapted to a nozzle in a simulation environment. Brass, copper, and hardened steel were selected to be the materials for the nozzles. The reason for the usage of a thermal barrier coating method is that the materials are made with low thermal conductivity, which reduces the thermal conductivity and energy losses. Yttria-stabilized zirconia was used to coat material on brass, copper, and hardened steel. To prevent temperature fluctuations, yttria-stabilized zirconia together with a NiCRAl bond layer was used and, thus, heat loss was prevented. Additionally, the paper addressed the effects of the coating on the average heat flux density and the average temperature of the nozzles. In addition, by means of the finite element method, steady-state thermal analyses of the coated and uncoated nozzles were compared, and the results show that the thermal barrier coating method dramatically reduced energy loss through the nozzle. It was found that the average heat flux was reduced by 89.4223% in the brass nozzle, 91.6678% in the copper nozzle, and 79.1361% in the hardened steel nozzle.

Processing and Advancements in the Development of Thermal Barrier Coatings: A Review

“…Estimated and presented a few tests to show partially melted nanostructured powder grains deposited on that coated morphology. A spray jet tends to work mainly with crack arresters, thus improving coating toughness [148]. 8YSZ conventional [147] (APS) 421 8YSZ nanostructured [147] (APS) 327…”

“…Estimated and presented a few tests to show partially melted nanostructured powder grains deposited on that coated morphology. A spray jet tends to work mainly with crack arresters, thus improving coating toughness [148]. The Effect on Energy Efficiency of Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia non Brass, Copper and Hardened Steel Nozzle in Additive Manufacturing was analyzed, which is the recent advancement of the application of TBCs in additive manufacturing [149][150][151][152].…”

Single-Layer MoS2: A Two-Dimensional Material with Negative Poisson’s Ratio

“…Quantum confinement caused by the low-dimensional effect of two-dimensional (2D) materials makes them more prone to NPR [13][14][15][16]. Therefore, it is possible to find new 2D NPR materials for novel nanomaterial applications.…”

The Oxidation Properties of a NiCrAlY Coating Fabricated by Arc Ion Plating

“…The Al 2 O 3 scale is not only able to isolate corrosive media from the coating and superalloy, but also is very stable and an excellent protective scale at high temperature. Among all kinds of high-temperature protective coatings, MCrAlY (M = Ni, Co, or Ni and Co) coating can be adopted as a standalone coating and as the bond coating of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) [4][5][6][7][8]. For the MCrAlY coating, M is the main element, which is used to match with the substrate superalloy; Al is oxidized to Al 2 O 3 , whose content is about 7-16 wt.%; Cr, with a content of 15-35 wt.%, improves the corrosion resistance of the coating.…”