The Effectiveness of Crataegus orientalis M Bieber. (Hawthorn) Extract Administration in Preventing Alveolar Bone Loss in Rats with Experimental Periodontitis

Abstract

The purpose of this animal study was to evaluate the effects of hawthorn (Crataeus orientalis M Bieber.) extract on serum oxidative status and alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis. Twenty-seven Wistar rats were assigned to one of the following groups: non- ligated+placebo (saline) (NL, n = 9), ligature only+placebo (saline) (LO, n = 9), and ligature and treated with hawthorn extract in saline (H, n = 9) (100 mg/kg orogastrically, once a day for 11 days). Periodontitis was induced by submerging a 4/0 silk ligature in the sulcus of the mandibular right first molars of rats, and the animals were sacrificed after 11 days. Micro-CT examinations were performed for linear and volumetric parameter assessment of alveolar bone. Periodontal tissues were histopathologically examined to assess the differences among the study groups. Levels of serum total antioxidant status (TAS)/total oxidant status (TOS), and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also analyzed. Alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced by hawthorn administration compared to LO group (p<0.05). The number of inflammatory cells and osteoclasts in the LO group was significantly higher than that of the NL and H groups (p< 0.05). The number of osteoblasts in the LO and H groups was significantly higher than that of the NL group (p<0.05). TOS and OSI levels were significantly reduced in H group compared to LO group (P <0.05) and TAS levels were similar in H and NL group (p< 0.05). Hawthorn extract showed inhibitory effect on periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss by regulating TAS, TOS and OSI levels in periodontal disease in rats when administered systemically.

Hypoglycemic effect of hawthorn in type II diabetes mellitus rat model

“…It is widely utilized in pharmaceutical preparations mainly because of its beneficial health effects and low toxicity . Hawthorn has been used as a treatment for digestive disorders, hyperlipidemia, high blood pressure, hypocholesterolemia, and for lowering serum cholesterol . Hawthorn is rich in biologically active phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids and organic acids, along with different essential minerals and proteins .…”

“…10 Hawthorn has been used as a treatment for digestive disorders, hyperlipidemia, 11 high blood pressure, hypocholesterolemia, and for lowering serum cholesterol. 12,13 Hawthorn is rich in biologically active phytochemicals such as flavonoids, polyphenols, terpenoids and organic acids, along with different essential minerals and proteins. 14 As the findings of our previous studies have shown, hawthorn is able to inhibit PL and PA in vitro.…”

Phytochemical composition and bioactivities of hawthorn ( Crataegus spp.): review of recent research advances

“…The effects of C. orientalis M Bieber extract on serum oxidative status and alveolar bone loss in experimental periodontitis was studied in vivo and showed inhibitory effect on periodontal inflammation and alveolar bone loss by regulating total antioxidant (TAS)/oxidant (TOS) status and oxidative stress index levels in periodontal disease in rats when administered systemically (Hatipoglu et al, 2015). C. azarolus extract was active against herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1), and antiviral activity correlated with TPC (R = 0.773, p < 0.001) and free radical scavenging capacity (R = −0.684, p < 0.01) (Moradi et al, 2018).…”

Untargeted metabolomic profiling of three Crataegus species (hawthorn) and their in vitro biological activities

“…The fruits of C. orientalis are consumed as food . Pharmacological studies on C. orientalis have reported antithrombotic, antinociceptive, anti‐inflammatory, and antioxidant effects . C. tanacetifolia (Lam.)…”