The effectiveness of hand cooling at reducing exercise-induced hyperthermia and improving distance-race performance in wheelchair and able-bodied athletes

Goosey-Tolfrey, Victoria L.; Swainson, Michelle; Boyd, Craig; Atkinson, Greg; Tolfrey, Keith

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01084.2007

Cited by 63 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Foot cooling garments, hand cooling garments, head and neck cooling garments, misting devices, and a cooling vest have been tested in SCI populations. [18][19][20][21][22] This study sought to test the efficacy of the cooling device in a sport-specific environment. The cooling vest interferes minimally with wheelchair propulsion during sporting activities and was thus chosen for this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Athletes With and Without Spinal Cord Injury

Trbovich

Ortega

Schroeder

et al. 2014

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Athletes With and Without Spinal Cord Injury

Trbovich

Ortega

Schroeder

et al. 2014

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation

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“…However, during periods of extreme exercise or other types of physical exertion, body temperatures may be mildly elevated (Goosey-Tolfrey et al, 2008;Ö zgü nen et al, 2010). In a study by Ö zgü nen and colleagues (2010), body temperature was reported to rise to 39°C in football players during periods of activity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mild Hyperthermia Worsens the Neuropathological Damage Associated with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Sakurai

Atkins

Alonso

et al. 2012

Journal of Neurotrauma

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The effects of slight variations in brain temperature on the pathophysiological consequences of acute brain injury have been extensively described in models of moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In contrast, limited information is available regarding the potential consequences of temperature elevations on outcome following mild TBI (mTBI) or concussions. One potential confounding variable with mTBI is the presence of elevated body temperature that occurs in the civilian or military populations due to hot environments combined with exercise or other forms of physical exertion. We therefore determined the histopathological effects of preand post-traumatic hyperthermia (39°C) on mTBI. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups: pre/post-traumatic hyperthermia, post-traumatic hyperthermia alone for 2 h, and normothermia (37°C). The pre/post-hyperthermia group was treated with hyperthermia starting 15 min before mild parasagittal fluidpercussion brain injury (1.4-1.6 atm), with the temperature elevation extending for 2 h after trauma. At 72 h after mTBI, the rats were perfusion-fixed for quantitative histopathological evaluation. Contusion areas and volumes were significantly larger in the pre/post-hyperthermia treatment group compared to the post-hyperthermia and normothermic groups. In addition, pre/post-traumatic hyperthermia caused the most severe loss of NeuNpositive cells in the dentate hilus compared to normothermia. These neuropathological results demonstrate that relatively mild elevations in temperature associated with peri-traumatic events may affect the long-term functional consequences of mTBI. Because individuals exhibiting mildly elevated core temperatures may be predisposed to aggravated brain damage after mTBI or concussion, precautions should be introduced to target this important physiological variable.

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“…Evidence has also supported the use of hand cooling in reducing physiological heat strain 44 and improving performance. 43,45 While there is evidence showing that hand cooling attenuates the rise of body temperature during exercise and improves performance, its effectiveness in preexercise and postexercise body cooling remains questionable due to the low cooling rate of 0.05°C/min. 43,46,47 …”

Section: Hand Coolingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body-Cooling Paradigm in Sport: Maximizing Safety and Performance During Competition

Adams

Hosokawa

Casa

2016

Journal of Sport Rehabilitation

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Context: Although body cooling has both performance and safety benefits, knowledge on optimizing cooling during specific sport competition is limited. Objectives: To identify when, during sport competition, it is optimal for body cooling and to identify optimal body-cooling modalities to enhance safety and maximize sport performance. Evidence Acquisition: A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify articles with specific context regarding body cooling, sport performance, and cooling modalities used during sport competition. A search of scientific peer-reviewed literature examining the effects of body cooling on exercise performance was done to examine the influence of body cooling on exercise performance. Subsequently, a literature search was done to identify effective cooling modalities that have been shown to improve exercise performance. Evidence Synthesis: The cooling modalities that are most effective in cooling the body during sport competition depend on the sport, timing of cooling, and feasibility based on the constraints of the sports rules and regulations. Factoring in the length of breaks (halftime substitutions, etc), the equipment worn during competition, and the cooling modalities that offer the greatest potential to cool must be considered in each individual sport. Conclusions: Scientific evidence supports using body cooling as a method of improving performance during sport competition. Developing a strategy to use cooling modalities that are scientifically evidence-based to improve performance while maximizing athlete's safety warrants further investigation. Keywords: cooling modality, body temperature, cooling rate, review Athletes competing in competitive sports strive to maximize athletic performance (increased strength, faster completion times in timed aerobic and anaerobic events, increased cognition in sport-specific skills, and increased exercise capacity in competitions of set time duration) to perform at the highest level. During competition, especially in the heat, it is not uncommon for athletes to reach body temperatures in the range of 39°C to 40°C, which could have negative effects on performance and increase the risk of heat illness. 1,2 To combat these potentially deleterious effects, athletes often use various body-cooling techniques to lower or mitigate the rise in body temperature during competition.There are currently 2 hypotheses that account for the negative physiological and performance effects that increasing body temperature has on athletic performance: the critical-temperature hypothesis and the anticipatory hypothesis. The critical-temperature hypothesis centers on the concept that the body will decrease intensity when body temperature reaches a "critical threshold" of 40°C to prevent exertional heat stroke (EHS) from occurring. 1,3,4 The anticipatory model states that the brain will anticipate the increase in body temperature and thus alter intensity during exercise to prevent body temperature from reaching unsafe levels. [5][6][7] In both theories, exe...

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The effectiveness of hand cooling at reducing exercise-induced hyperthermia and improving distance-race performance in wheelchair and able-bodied athletes

Cited by 63 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Athletes With and Without Spinal Cord Injury

Effect of a Cooling Vest on Core Temperature in Athletes With and Without Spinal Cord Injury

Mild Hyperthermia Worsens the Neuropathological Damage Associated with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

Body-Cooling Paradigm in Sport: Maximizing Safety and Performance During Competition

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