The Effectiveness of Horizontal Barriers in Preventing Fire Spread on Vertical Insulation Panels Made of Polystyrene Foams

Zhou, Liang; Chen, Aiping; Liu, Xingna; Fu-dong, Zhang

doi:10.1007/s10694-015-0478-x

Cited by 18 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Due to the sudden fire growth, it leaves the cavity barrier ineffective in most cases (Building Regulations, 2010). The use of non-combustible insulation materials especially horizontal fire barrier with 300 mm and reducing the air cavity in the cladding system can delay the fire spread effectively (McKenna et al , 2019; Peng et al , 2013; Zhou et al , 2016) (Čolić and Pečur, 2020; Chen et al , 2019a). Besides, the use of mineral wool as a non-combustible fire barrier in each storey is an effective measure that can slow down the fire spread in real-time (Xin et al , 2013; Zhou et al , 2016; Zehfuß et al , 2018; Hofmann et al , 2018).…”

Section: Challenges and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame behaviour, fire hazard and fire testing approach for lightweight composite claddings – a review

Hossain

Hassan

Yuen

et al. 2021

JSFE

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to review and summarise the existing available literature on lightweight cladding systems to provide detailed information on fire behaviour (ignitibility, heat release rate and smoke toxicity) and various test method protocols. Additionally, the paper discusses the challenges and provides updated knowledge and recommendation on selective-fire mechanisms such as rapid-fire spread, air cavity and fire re-entry behaviours due to dripping and melting of lightweight composite claddings. Design/methodology/approach A comprehensive literature review on fire behaviour, fire hazard and testing methods of lightweight composite claddings has been conducted in this research. In summarising all possible fire hazards, particular attention is given to the potential impact of toxicity of lightweight cladding fires. In addition, various criteria for fire performance evaluation of lightweight composite claddings are also highlighted. These evaluations are generally categorised as small-, intermediate- and large-scale test methods. Findings The major challenges of lightweight claddings are rapid fire spread, smoke production and toxicity and inconsistency in fire testing. Originality/value The review highlights the current challenges in cladding fire, smoke toxicity, testing system and regulation to provide some research recommendations to address the identified challenges.

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Section: Challenges and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flame behaviour, fire hazard and fire testing approach for lightweight composite claddings – a review

Hossain

Hassan

Yuen

et al. 2021

JSFE

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“…Thermoplastic thermal insulation materials, such as EPS, graphite polystyrene (GEPS), and XPS, have the advantages of lightweight, corrosion resistance, and good thermal insulation performance; nevertheless, a hidden danger of massive fire exists because of their easy combustion, fast combustion speed, and high smoke toxicity. 5,6 A thermosetting insulation board is a new type of wall insulation material that considers fire prevention and thermal insulation effects. Compared with a thermoplastic insulation board, a thermosetting insulation board has certain shape retention capability and does not produce molten dripping in the combustion state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combustion characteristics and fire hazard of polystyrene exterior wall thermal insulation materials

Ouyang

Yan

Song

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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To study the combustion characteristics and fire hazard of polystyrene building exterior wall thermal insulation materials, the combustion, fire, and pyrolysis characteristics of thermosetting polystyrene (TPS) insulation, graphite polystyrene (GEPS), and expanded polystyrene (EPS) are compared and analyzed using a cone calorimeter and a thermo-gravimetric analyzer. From the structure and flame retardant components of thermal insulation board, their flame retardant mechanisms are described. Results show that in a nitrogen atmosphere, the pyrolysis range is 30-600 C. Only one weight loss stage in EPS and GEPS and two weight loss stages in TPS are observed. Comparison of the combustion characteristics of the three demonstrates that TPS has short ignition time, low fire performance index. This result indicates that TPS has the characteristics of good flammability and easy to explode. The smoke generation rate, total smoke production, time heat release index and total heat release of TPS are lower than those of EPS and GEPS. This result indicates that the fire thermal hazard and fire smoke risk of TPS are relatively small. Comparison of various indexes presents that the flammability and fire risk of TPS are evidently better than those of EPS and GEPS.

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“…In addition, synthetic polymer materials are mainly derived from unrenewable and increasingly depleted fossil resources and aromatic groups such as toxic benzene on their chemical structures make them highly flammable. In the conflagration, synthetic polymer materials like PU may cause a fire to rapidly spread and release toxic gases, which would cause great difficulties for rescue and severely decreased the survival probability of trapped people [ 13 , 14 , 15 ]. To reduce the fire risk, various flame retardants such as halogens, phosphorus nitrogen compounds, melamine, and organoclay were added to enhance the flame retardancy of insulation materials [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure, Thermal Conductivity, and Flame Retardancy of Konjac Glucomannan Based Aerogels

et al. 2021

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With abundant renewable resources and good biodegradability, bio-based aerogels are considered as promising insulating materials for replacing the conventional petroleum-based foam. In this study, konjac glucomannan (KGM)-based aerogels were prepared as thermal insulation materials via a convenient sol–gel and freeze-drying progress with different content of plant polysaccharides, proteins, and wheat straw. The morphology, thermal conductivity, and flame retardancy of KGM-based aerogels were determined. The KGM-based aerogels showed a uniform three-dimensional porous microstructure. The addition of wheat straw could significantly reduce the pore size of aerogels due to its special multi-cavity structure. KGM-based aerogels showed low densities (0.0234–0.0559 g/cm−3), low thermal conductivities (0.04573–0.05127 W/mK), low peak heat release rate (PHRR, 46.7–165.5 W/g), and low total heat release (THR, 5.7–16.2 kJ/g). Compared to the conventional expanded polystyrene (EPS) and polyurethane (PU) foam, the maximum limiting oxygen index (LOI) of KGM-based aerogels increased by 24.09% and 47.59%, the lowest PHRR decreased by 79.37% and 94.26%, and the lowest THR decreased by 76.54% and 89.25%, respectively. The results demonstrated that the KGM-based aerogels had better performance on flame retardancy than PU and EPS, indicating high potential applications as heat insulation in the green advanced engineering field.

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The Effectiveness of Horizontal Barriers in Preventing Fire Spread on Vertical Insulation Panels Made of Polystyrene Foams

Cited by 18 publications

References 7 publications

Flame behaviour, fire hazard and fire testing approach for lightweight composite claddings – a review

Flame behaviour, fire hazard and fire testing approach for lightweight composite claddings – a review

Combustion characteristics and fire hazard of polystyrene exterior wall thermal insulation materials

Microstructure, Thermal Conductivity, and Flame Retardancy of Konjac Glucomannan Based Aerogels

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