The effectiveness of in‐office dental bleaching with and without sonic activation: A randomized, split‐mouth, double‐blind clinical trial

Abstract

Objective: This study was aimed at comparing the bleaching efficacy and bleaching sensitivity (BS) of two higher-concentration in-office bleaching gels (37% carbamide peroxide [CP] and 38% hydrogen peroxide [HP]) applied under two conditions: alone or in association with sonic activation.Methods: Fifty-six volunteers were randomly assigned in the split-mouth design into the following groups: CP, CP with sonic activation (CPS), HP, and HP with sonic activation (HPS). Two in-office bleaching sessions were performed. Color was evaluated using Vita Classical, Vita Bleachedguide, and digital spectrophotometer at baseline and at 30 days post-bleaching. Absolute risk and intensity of BS were recorded using two pain scales. All data were evaluated statistically (color changes [t test], BS [Chi-square and McNemar test], and BS intensity [VAS; t test; NRS; Wilcoxon; α = 0.05]).Results: Significant and higher whitening was observed for HP when compared with CP (p < 0.04). However, higher BS intensity was observed in the former (p < 0.001).No significant difference was observed in whitening effect or BS when the HP or CP bleaching gels were agitated (sonic application) compared with when they were not (p > 0.05). Conclusion:The 37% CP gel demonstrated lower bleaching efficacy and lower BS compared with the 38% HP bleaching gel. The whitening effect was not influenced by the use of sonic activation.

Modern concepts of teeth whitening – a narrative review

“…The following types of light are the most frequently used: LED, plasma arc and halogen. From a chemical viewpoint, this irradiation should not change the oxidative effect of hydrogen peroxide, but it may enhance the reaction rate due to local temperature increases [41][42][43][44][45][46].…”

Effects of enamel moistening and repositioning guide color on tooth whitening outcomes: A clinical trial

“…Prior studies demonstrated the potential of 37% carbamide peroxide, roughly equivalent to 12% hydrogen peroxide, in minimizing post‐bleaching sensitivity [10, 11]. Nevertheless, it is essential to recognize that the efficacy of 37% carbamide peroxide for in‐office bleaching has been investigated to a lesser extent, and the studies have consistently indicated a somewhat diminished bleaching impact compared to high‐concentration hydrogen peroxide agents [10–12].…”

“…The exact mechanism of tooth bleaching is not fully understood, but the bleaching effect seems to be achieved by increasing the opacity of the enamel and oxidizing phosphoproteins in the dentin, which are responsible for tooth discoloration [1,2]. In-office tooth bleaching is a common Prior studies demonstrated the potential of 37% carbamide peroxide, roughly equivalent to 12% hydrogen peroxide, in minimizing post-bleaching sensitivity [10,11]. Nevertheless, it is essential to recognize that the efficacy of 37% carbamide peroxide for in-office bleaching has been investigated to a lesser extent, and the studies have consistently indicated a somewhat diminished bleaching impact compared to highconcentration hydrogen peroxide agents [10][11][12].…”

“…In-office tooth bleaching is a common Prior studies demonstrated the potential of 37% carbamide peroxide, roughly equivalent to 12% hydrogen peroxide, in minimizing post-bleaching sensitivity [10,11]. Nevertheless, it is essential to recognize that the efficacy of 37% carbamide peroxide for in-office bleaching has been investigated to a lesser extent, and the studies have consistently indicated a somewhat diminished bleaching impact compared to highconcentration hydrogen peroxide agents [10][11][12]. While the reactive oxygen species derived from peroxide in this bleaching agent align with those from a 12% hydrogen peroxide solution, it is worth noting that lower concentrations of hydrogen peroxide have demonstrated comparable bleaching effects to their higher carbamide peroxide concentration counterparts, hinting at the role of carbamide peroxide breakdown inefficiency [13,14].…”