The effectiveness of mangosteen rind extract as additional therapy on chronic periodontitis (Clinical trials)

Abstract

Introduction:Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that attacks the periodontal tissue comprises the gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum and alveolar bone caused mainly by plaque bacteriophage or other specific dominant type of bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of clinical application of mangosteen peel extract gel as adjunctive therapy scaling and root planing in patients with chronic periodontitis. This research was expected to developed new treatment in the field of dentistry, particularly in periodontics, which can be used as supporting material for the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Methods: Quasi-experimental research, split mouth, with as many as 14 chronic periodontitis patients. Mangosteen rind was prepared to be formed into extract gel, dried at room temperature, then the dried samples were macerated by using ethanol, then evaporated and decanted for 3 days until obtained condensed extract. The samples were patients with chronic periodontitis in at least 2 teeth with pockets ≥ 5 mm. Clinical parameters of pocket depth, gingival bleeding, and clinical epithelial attachment level were measured at baseline and 1 month after treatment. Analysis of data using the t-test. Results: The comparison of average gap ratio of pockets depth, gingival index, gingival bleeding and epithelium attachment levels, before and after treatment showed significant differences, such as in the test and control sides. Conclusion: The mangosteen rind gel as adjunctive therapy for scaling and root planing is able to reduce pockets depth, gingival index, and gingival bleeding, and improve clinical epithelial attachment.

Recent updates on metabolite composition and medicinal benefits of mangosteen plant

“…Combination of α-mangostin (five mg/mL) and lawsone methyl ether (2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) (250 μg/mL) has been shown to be effective against oral pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans , Candida albicans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Nittayananta et al, 2018). Furthermore, mangosteen extract including α-mangostin has been used as an anti-bacterial component in an adhesive paste to prevent dental caries (Sodata et al, 2017) as well as in a topical gel to cure chronic periodontitis (Hendiani et al, 2017; Mahendra et al, 2017). Interestingly, mangosteen not only kills oral pathogens but also mediate anti-inflammatory response in dental complications.…”

Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana Linn.) rind extract against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans

“…Then the filtrate was concentrated using a rotary evaporator so that a thick extract without ethanol were obtained. 12,14,15 Preparation of test bacteria Gram-negative bacterial cultures of A. actinomycetemcomitans ATCC 43718 were inoculated into Muller Hinton Broth (MHB) media. Subsequently, it was incubated for 48 hours at 37 0 C. Bacteria were inoculated into 0.9 ml NaCl solution as much as 3 ml.…”

“…The pericarp gel when applied topically as an adjunct to periodontal treatment was found to enhance the clinical effects of periodontal treatment. 11 Hendiani et al 12 conducted a clinical study that mangosteen rind gel as adjuntive therapy for scaling and root planing was able to reduce pockets depth, gingival index, and gingival bleeding, and improve clinical epithelial attachment. In vitro study showed that mangosteen rind extract inhibited growth P. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans with macrodilution method.…”

Peer Review #2 of "Recent updates on metabolite composition and medicinal benefits of mangosteen plant (v0.2)"

“…Combination of α-mangostin (5 mg/ml) and lawsone methyl ether (2-methoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) (250 μg/ml) has been shown to be effective against oral pathogens such as S. mutans, C. albicans and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Nittayananta et al 2018). Furthermore, mangosteen extract including α-mangostin has been used as an anti-bacterial component in an adhesive paste to prevent dental caries (Sodata et al 2017) as well as in a topical gel to cure chronic periodontitis (Hendiani et al 2017;Mahendra et al 2017). Interestingly, mangosteen not only kills oral pathogen but also mediate anti-inflammatory response in dental complications.…”