The effectiveness of marine based fatty acid compound (PCSO-524) and firocoxib in the treatment of canine osteoarthritis

Abstract

Background NSAIDs are accepted as the most predictably efficacious medical treatment of the clinical signs of osteoarthritis (OA). The marine-based fatty-acid compound PCSO-524 has been proposed as an adjunctive treatment for canine OA, however benefits of this agent is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of PCSO-524 combined with the NSAID firocoxib using force plate gait analysis, orthopedic assessment score (OAS) and canine brief pain inventory score (CBPI) in dogs with OA. A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was conducted. Seventy-nine dogs that had hip and/or stifle OA were assigned randomly into three treatment groups: firocoxib, PCSO-524 and combination of firocoxib and PCSO-524, orally for 4 weeks. Peak vertical force (PVF, expressed as a percentage of bodyweight), OAS, CBPI, serum prostaglandin E2 concentration, hematology and blood chemistry values were evaluated before treatment (Day0), as well as at the second (Day14) and fourth week (Day28) during treatment. Results Within group analysis revealed significant increases in PVF over the 4-week treatment period for firocoxib, PCSO-524 and the combination (p < 0.05). Mean increases in PVF were 3.25 ± 4.13, 2.01 ± 3.86, 4.11 ± 4.69%BW (mean ± SD) respectively. The OAS showed non-significant change in all treatment groups. There were significant decreases in CBPI pain severity score (PSS) and CBPI pain interference scores (PIS) within some groups over time, however no significant differences were found between the groups. Significantly decreased serum PGE2 concentration (p < 0.05) was found in the combination group. Significant increases in BUN and creatinine (p < 0.05) compared to pre-treatment values were found in the firocoxib and combination groups but not in the PCSO-524 group at day28, but all values in all dogs remained within the normal ranges. Conclusions The results of this study suggested combination of both PCSO-524 and firocoxib is more effective in alleviation of inflammation and improvement of weight bearing ability when compared to the uses of either PCSO-524 or firocoxib alone. Further clinical studies are needed to confirm this, and to determine if there is any benefit of PCSO-524 over placebo.

Prospective Clinical Evaluation of Intra-Articular Injection of Tin-117m (117mSn) Radiosynoviorthesis Agent for Management of Naturally Occurring Elbow Osteoarthritis in Dogs: A Pilot Study

“…The improvement noted in PVF in our study is larger than what has been previously reported. 29 , 32 , 33 …”

“…A positive response was defined as ≥5% increase in mean PVF at a single time point in the treated leg [29][30][31][32][33][34] at months 1, 3, 6, 9, and/or 12 compared with baseline (0 month) for each individual dog evaluated on the force plate.…”

“…The improvement noted in PVF in our study is larger than what has been previously reported. 29,32,33 One of the limitations of this pilot study was a small sample size. Another limitation was the lack of a placebo or control group; however, OA is a progressive disease.…”

The Use of 117mSn (Tin) Colloid for Treatment of Naturally Occurring Grade 3 Elbow Osteoarthritis in Client Dogs

“…CBPI is typically used for the validation of systemic treatment modalities and this study was a one-time local treatment of either one or two elbows. 25,26,27 The use of CBPI to assess the effect of treatment in individual dogs typically requires, and has been used for, a much larger sample size than was used in this smaller study of a novel treatment. 25,26,27 Based on these considerations and the fact that CBPI was developed as a scale analogous to that used in human chronic pain studies to capture an owner's perception of both pain severity and how pain interfered with daily life, 23 we examined the PSS and PIS individually from baseline to each time-point (Table 2).…”

“…25,26,27 The use of CBPI to assess the effect of treatment in individual dogs typically requires, and has been used for, a much larger sample size than was used in this smaller study of a novel treatment. 25,26,27 Based on these considerations and the fact that CBPI was developed as a scale analogous to that used in human chronic pain studies to capture an owner's perception of both pain severity and how pain interfered with daily life, 23 we examined the PSS and PIS individually from baseline to each time-point (Table 2). PSS signi cantly improved at all time points, except for Day 180, which although not signi cant compared to baseline, was still improved compared with baseline.…”