Inability to link the acid-base concepts with daily life phenomena (as contexts) highlights the need for further research on the context-based acid-base chemistry. In this vein, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different teaching designs (REACT strategy, 5Es learning model and traditional (existing) instruction) relevant with 'acids and bases' subject on pre-service science teachers' conceptions and attitudes towards chemistry and to compare them with each other. Within quasi-experimental research design, the sample comprised of 95 pre-service science teachers from Faculty of Education in Giresun University, Turkey. Three intact groups were randomly assigned as either experimental and control groups. To gather data, Acid-Base Chemistry Concept Test (ABCCT), Chemistry Attitudes and Experiences Questionnaire (CAEQ) and semistructured interviews were used. The results denote that REACT strategy is effective in helping the pre-service science teachers retain their gained conceptions in long-term memory whilst 5Es learning model is efficient in achieving conceptual learning. Finally, future studies should test the effects of REACT strategy and 5Es learning model on different variables (i.e. sample, subject, scientific process skills, scientific inquiry) over a longer period of time (i.e. one semester or one-year).Keywords: acids and bases, REACT Strategy, 5Es learning model, contextual learning, constructivism
INTRODUCTIONConstructivist learning theory claims that learning is an interaction between new knowledge and pre-existing knowledge (e.g. Bybee, Taylor, Gardner, van Scotter, Powell, Westbrook & Landes, 2006;Driver, 1981). To achieve constructivist learning, 3Es (Explore-Explain-Elaborate) (called Learning Cycle Model), 4Es (Engage-Explore-Explain-Evaluate), 5Es (Engage-Explore-Explain-ElaborateEvaluate) and 7Es (Excite-Explore-Explain-Expand-Extend-Exchange-Examine) learning models have been released (e.g. Bybee, 2003;Eisenkraft, 2003). Of these models, 5Es learning model, which has been adopted for structuring teaching and learning, is widely used by the science educators (Bybee et al., 2006). However, some authors point to shortcomings of elaboration stage (forth step in 5Es learning model) that asks the students/learners for linking their gained experiences with daily life or socioscientific or science-technology-society issues (Kurnaz & Çalık, 2008). Unfortunately, most of 5Es learning papers have confused this stage with the last one (evaluation stage) (e.g. Er Nas, Coruhlu & Cepni, 2010). Inability to associate daily life or socioscientific issues with scientific knowledge (Demircioğlu, Demircioğlu & Çalık, 2009;Gilbert, 2006;Stolk, Bulte, de Jong, & Pilot, 2009a;Ültay & Çalık, 2012) calls for a new learning pedagogy, for example context-based approach, which centralize the learning and teaching around one main context. Because the context-based approach also deploys constructivist learning theory (e.g. Berns & Erickson, 2001;Crawford, 2001;Glynn & Koballa, 2005), the student's pre...