The effectiveness of risk-based intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease

Lin, Feng; Brenner, Ruth A.; Johnson, Yvette R.; Azimi, Parvin H.; Philips, Joseph B.; Regan, Joan A.; Clark, Penny; Weisman, Leonard E.; Rhoads, George G.; Kong, Gengbin; Clemens, John D.

doi:10.1067/mob.2001.113875

Cited by 107 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Duration of IAP of 4 hours of beta-lactam antibiotics has been shown to be highly effective in preventing vertical transmission of GBS and GBS EOD [18,124,126,131,132]. Even though not ideal, duration of IAP 2 hours can provide acceptable coverage [131,[133][134][135].…”

Section: Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference

Renzo

Melin²,

Berardi

et al. 2014

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

156

135

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Group B streptococcus (GBS) remains worldwide a leading cause of severe neonatal disease. Since the end of the 1990s, various strategies for prevention of the early onset neonatal disease have been implemented and have evolved. When a universal antenatal GBS screening-based strategy is used to identify women who are given an intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis, a substantial reduction of incidence up to 80% has been reported in the USA as in other countries including European countries. However recommendations are still a matter of debate due to challenges and controversies on how best to identify candidates for prophylaxis and to drawbacks of intrapartum administration of antibiotics. In Europe, some countries recommend either antenatal GBS screening or risk-based strategies, or any combination, and others do not have national or any other kind of guidelines for prevention of GBS perinatal disease. Furthermore, accurate population-based data of incidence of GBS neonatal disease are not available in some countries and hamper good effectiveness evaluation of prevention strategies. To facilitate a consensus towards European guidelines for the management of pregnant women in labor and during pregnancy for the prevention of GBS perinatal disease, a conference was organized in 2013 with a group of experts in neonatology, gynecologyobstetrics and clinical microbiology coming from European representative countries. The group reviewed available data, identified areas where results were suboptimal, where revised procedures and new technologies could improve current practices for prevention of perinatal GBS disease. The key decision issued after the conference is to recommend intrapartum antimicrobial prophylaxis based on a universal intrapartum GBS screening strategy using a rapid real time testing.

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Section: Intrapartum Antibiotic Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference

Renzo

Melin²,

Berardi

et al. 2014

The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine

156

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Specific virulence determinants in uropathogenic strains of E. coli are associated with invasive infection and pyelonephritis in pregnancy by facilitating their adherence to uroepithelial cells, thereby preventing bacteria from urinary lavage and allowing for multiplication and tissue invasion 31 . Some studies have reported an emerging trend of E. coli predominating in early neonatal sepsis following prophylaxis for GBS colonization during pregnancy [36][37][38][39][40][41] . Even though the role of E. coli in vaginitis is particularly controversial, it is known to alter the micro-environment 19 and remains one of the most common causes of neonatal sepsis, often being recovered from placental tissues in chorioamnionitis 5 .…”

Section: Escherichia Coli (E Coli)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Threat of Aerobic Vaginitis to Pregnancy and Neonatal Morbidity

Kaambo

Africa

2017

Afr J Reprod Health

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Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is an endogenous opportunistic infection brought about by the disruption of the normal vaginal microbiota. Its early diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy may reduce the risk of negative pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this review was to report on the aerobic bacteria most prevalent in AV and to provide evidence of the threat of untreated AV on pregnancy outcomes. More than 300 papers on preterm delivery were extracted from several research domains and filtered to include only AV-associated bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Group B streptococci and their association with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Due to the diverse sample groups, study techniques and outcomes, a meta-analysis was not conducted. The review revealed that the association of AV with adverse pregnancy outcomes has not been as widely researched as bacterial vaginosis (BV) and needs further investigation. Furthermore, the frequent misdiagnosis of AV coupled with the emerging antimicrobial resistance associated with bacteria implicated in AV and neonatal nosocomial infections pose a problem for prophylaxis and treatment to reduce the risk of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[2]: 109-118). Keywords: Aerobic vaginitis; pregnancy risks; antimicrobial resistance RésuméLa vaginite aérobie (VA) est une infection opportuniste endogène provoquée par la perturbation du microbiota vaginal normal. Son diagnostic précoce et son traitement pendant la grossesse peuvent réduire le risque de résultats négatifs de grossesse. L'objectif de cette revue était de faire un rapport sur les bactéries aérobies les plus répandues en VA et de prouver la menace de la VA non traitée sur les résultats de la grossesse. Plus de 300 articles sur l'accouchement prématuré ont été tirés de plusieurs domaines de recherche et filtrés pour inclure uniquement des bactéries associées à la VA telles que Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli et streptocoques du groupe B et leur association avec des résultats de grossesse indésirables. En raison des divers groupes d'échantillons, des techniques d'étude et des résultats, une méta-analyse n'a pas été menée. L'examen a révélé que l'association de la VA avec les résultats de grossesse défavorisés n'a pas été aussi largement étudiée que la vaginose bactérienne (VB) et doit faire l'objet d'une enquête plus approfondie. En outre, le diagnostic erroné de la VA y compris la résistance antimicrobienne émergente associée à une bactérie impliquée dans les infections à vent et nonnéomatologiques constitue un problème pour la prophylaxie et le traitement afin de réduire le risque de morbidité et de mortalité maternelle et néonatale. (Afr J Reprod Health 2017; 21[2]: 109-118).

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“…Two studies 52,69 have shown that 90% of infants who are diagnosed with early-onset infection will display signs by 12 hours. 55 Evidence level 4…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention of Early‐onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

2017

BJOG

130

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The effectiveness of risk-based intrapartum chemoprophylaxis for the prevention of early-onset neonatal group B streptococcal disease

Cited by 107 publications

References 12 publications

Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference

Intrapartum GBS screening and antibiotic prophylaxis: a European consensus conference

The Threat of Aerobic Vaginitis to Pregnancy and Neonatal Morbidity

Prevention of Early‐onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Disease

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