The effectiveness of the ISM Code: A qualitative enquiry

Bhattacharya, Syamantak

doi:10.1016/j.marpol.2011.09.004

Cited by 85 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The low level of dedication we found as regards details and accuracy in relation to section 7 of the ISM Code may also be reflected in the low compliance with regulations set out in the SMS as crew members may consider these less useful or even irrelevant. Bhattacharya (2012) found disparity in the understanding of the ISM Code between shore-based managers and the seafarers sailing for the same company. Shore-based management considered the ISM Code as a management tool, resulting in a low trust work environment and lack of crew participation in developing the SMS.…”

Section: Coding To the Ism Codementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Rising competition had led ship owners to cut operational costs by recruiting low cost and generally less qualified labor and by re-flagging their vessels to circumvent regulations imposed by flag states (Bhattacharya 2009). Moreover, "safety" and "pollution" were generally taken to refer to problems related to construction and equipment rather than people and management systems (Anderson 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Maritime safety and the ISM code: a study of investigated casualties and incidents

Batalden

Sydnes

2013

WMU J Marit Affairs

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In 1993, the International Maritime Organization adopted the International Safety Management (ISM) Code which requires all shipping companies operating certain types of vessels to establish safety management systems. Nevertheless, two decades later, maritime safety remains a concern. This article studies 94 maritime cases investigated by the Maritime Accident Investigation Branch in the UK. By providing an analysis of reported casualties and incidents, it highlights current challenges in maritime safety. For each casualty and incident, the study reviews the underlying causal factors. These causal factors are then coded according to the functional sections of the ISM Code, covering various aspects of safety management. To investigate human and organizational factors involved in the casualties and incidents, the human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) is applied to code the same data. Finally, the relative seriousness of casualties and incidents is considered to discuss the findings from ISM Code and HFACS reviews. The study found that the main challenges pertain to the development of plans for shipboard operations, local shipboard management, and the ability of the company to verify when such practices deviate from best practices or required standards.Keywords ISM Code . Maritime safety . Safety management and human factors IntroductionThe maritime transport industry (shipping) accounts for more than 90 % of global trade (IMO 2012) and has shown a doubling in transport capacity since 1980 (UNCTAD 2011). A 30 % increase in the loss ratio of vessels has been reported between 2006 (IMO 2012. WMU J Marit Affairs (2014) 13:3-25

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Section: Coding To the Ism Codementioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Maritime safety and the ISM code: a study of investigated casualties and incidents

Batalden

Sydnes

2013

WMU J Marit Affairs

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“…When the international safety management (ISM) code was introduced, the effectiveness of it was also conducted both in UK (Bhattacharya et al, 2012) and in Greece (Tzannatos and Kokotos 2009). Similar work for analyzing the effectiveness of safety management was also carried out in the gulf of Finland by using Bayesian network (Hänninen et al, 2014) and also on-board ships (Akyuz and Celik 2014).…”

Section: Effectiveness Of Emergency Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emergency Management of Maritime Accidents in the Yangtze River: Problems, Practice and Prospects

Yan

Zhang

et al. 2017

TransNav

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Maritime accidents have received considerable attentions due to the enormous property damage, casualties and serious environmental pollution. This paper first makes statistical analysis of the different types of maritime accidents in the period of 2012 to 2014 in the Yangtze River. Second, the problems of emergency management of maritime accidents are also proposed from the analysis of the major accident "Eastern Star".. Afterwards, four practice cases, including decision support for maritime accidents, emergency resource allocation, emergency simulation system and effectiveness of emergency management, are introduced to present the insights gained from these practices. Last, in order to address these problems, this paper proposes that an artificial societies, Computational experiments, and Parallel execution (ACP) approach should be introduced to establish an improved management system for maritime accidents in the future, and an ACP based maritime accident emergency management framework is proposed.

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“…The IMO encouraged the establishment of a safety management system (SMS) in ship operators in accordance with the international management code for the safe operation of ships and for pollution prevention (ISM Code) that was a critical milestone for maintaining a legislative control in shipping (Celik et al 2010). The ISM Code required the managers to lay down systems of work involving management of risk along with self-checking and self-critical measures for the purposes of verifying and continually improving its performance (Bhattacharya 2012). The limitations of these systems are that they require a great deal of paperwork, which sometimes leads to a paper chase exercise.…”

Section: Literature Survey In the Implementation Of Maritime Regulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence of ship operators trying to minimize regulatory costs could be traced in the past. In late 60's the economic globalization lead many ship-owners to move away from their national jurisdiction and chose to transfer the registry of their ships to countries such as Panama, Liberia and Cyprus (Bhattacharya 2012). The more relaxed regulatory standards required by such states q were found by ship-owners less costly.…”

Section: Literature Survey In the Implementation Of Maritime Regulatimentioning

confidence: 99%

A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator

Karahalios¹,

Yang

2014

Maritime Policy & Management

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A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/1749/ Article LJMU has developed LJMU Research Online for users to access the research output of the University more effectively. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LJMU Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain.The version presented here may differ from the published version or from the version of the record. Please see the repository URL above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. AbstractThe shipping industry operates in a regulatory framework, where the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is the leading regulatory body. The role of the IMO is to propose maritime regulations to its member states. The successful implementation of a maritime regulation depends on how many member states adopt it. However, many maritime regulations are not adequately implemented worldwide. As a result, ship operators have found themselves in an uncomfortable position in developing their business. This paper proposes an extendable and applicable methodology involving a System of Hierarchical Scorecards (SHS) to measure the implementation cost and benefit analysis of a newly introduced or existing maritime regulation by ship operators. The regulators may use the results in evaluating newly introduced and/or existing regulations through taking into account the economical burden that will be generated to ship operators. In this paper, System of Hierarchical Scorecards (SHS) is extended to demonstrate its applicability on evaluating a stakeholder's organisation with regard to his regulatory implementation performance by the means of a case study.

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The effectiveness of the ISM Code: A qualitative enquiry

Cited by 85 publications

References 11 publications

Maritime safety and the ISM code: a study of investigated casualties and incidents

Maritime safety and the ISM code: a study of investigated casualties and incidents

Emergency Management of Maritime Accidents in the Yangtze River: Problems, Practice and Prospects

A risk appraisal system regarding the implementation of maritime regulations by a ship operator

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