The Effectiveness of Vesicular‐arbuscular Mycorrhizas in Increasing Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Subterranean Clover From Phosphorus Sources of Different Solubilities

Pairunan, A. K.; Robson, A. D.; Abbott, Lynette K.

doi:10.1111/j.1469-8137.1980.tb04433.x

Cited by 79 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, in many others (e.g. in the nitrogen studies mentioned above) mycorrhizal infection has little effect on growth of plants, including subterranean clover, when supplies of phosphate in soil are high and no longer limiting (see, for example, Daft and Nicolson, 1966;Hall, Scott and Johnstone, 1977;Pairunan, Robson and Abbott, 1980). It is possible that, under these circumstances, differences in inflow between mycorrhizal and uninfected plants might no longer be apparent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLOW OF PHOSPHATE INTO MYCORRHIZAL AND NON‐MYCORRHIZAL PLANTS OF TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL PHOSPHATE

Smith

1982

New Phytologist

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SUMMARYDuring early growth of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants of Trifolium subterraneum fertilized with soluble (Na2HPO4) phosphate, inflow of phosphate (moles P absorbed per unit length root per unit time) into mycorrbizal roots from soil exceeded that into non-mycorrbizal roots over a range of levels of phosphate. High rates of uptake (up to 45 x 10~^^ mol phosphate cm~^ s"^) were associated with reductions in root: sboot dry wt ratios.The length of mycorrhizal root per plant was little affected by fertilization with phosphate. However, rapid growtb of roots at high levels of Na2HPO4 resulted in reductions in percentage root length infected by mycorrhizas. Results are discussed with respect to rates of uptake by whole plants and to differences in distribution of phosphate between roots and sboots in mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

INFLOW OF PHOSPHATE INTO MYCORRHIZAL AND NON‐MYCORRHIZAL PLANTS OF TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL PHOSPHATE

Smith

1982

New Phytologist

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“…Such curves have been produced routinely for investigations of the physiology of growth responses in vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas (Pairunan, Robson & Abbott, 1980;Stribley, Tinker & Snellgrove, 1980). They typically show a growth response to mycorrhizal infection only at low to medium soil P concentrations.…”

Section: Introduction Of Host Phosphate Have Been Shown Followingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phosphorus relationships and production of extrametrical hyphae by two types of willow ectomycorrhizas at different soil phosphorus levels

1990

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SUMMARYThere is much circumstantial evidence for a role of increased P uptake in the growth response of plants to ectomycorrhizas. Full response curves with and without mycorrhizal infection along a P gradient in soil are, however, required to test this hypothesis fully. In this experiment, rooted cuttings of Salix viminalis L. cv. Bowles Hybrid were grown in a 1 :2 mixture by volume of gamma-irradiated soil and sterile sand, with bicarbonateextractable P concentrations of 4, 6, 10, 21, 60 or 90 mg P kg'^. The cuttings were inoculated by mixing peat/vermiculite spawn oiLaccariaproximo (Boud.) Pat., or Thelephora terrestris (Ehrh.) Fr., or autoclaved spawn 1: 5 by volume with the soil: sand mixture. The plants showed a positive growth response to mycorrhizal infection by either fungus at the two lower P levels, and to L. proximo only at 10 mg P kg'^ At 21 mg kg^^ and above, infection was reduced and neither mycorrhizal inoculation nor further P additions caused significant growth increases. These results imply that the growth responses to ectomycorrhizas in this experiment were solely due to increases in P uptake. Cuttings infected with L. proximo tended to be larger than those infected by T. terrestris. Estimates of percent mycorrhizal infection did not diflFer between the fungi at the lower P levels. However, overall production of extramatrical hyphae per gram of soil was highest in soil inoculated with L. proximo. At 10 mg P kg~i the length of L. proximo hyphae per unit length of mycorrhizal root, P uptake per unit root weight, and total P content in plants infected with L. proximo were significantly higher than for T. terrestris. This study confirms that increased P uptake can be an important component of growth stimulation by ectomycorrhizas. It also presents the first quantification of extramatrical ectomycorrhizal hyphae in soil and suggests a role for them m the growth response.

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“…^"^ investigations (Mosse, 1973a(Mosse, , b, 1986Hall,, Scott & Johnstone, 1977;Menge el al., (1978): Soil disturbance can reduce both mycorrhizal Pairunan, Robson & Abbott (1980); Jacquelinetcolonization and P absorption in maize (Evans & Jeanmougin, Gianinazzi & Gianinazzi-Pearson, Miller, 1988;Fairchild & Miller, 1988) in soils from 1986; Habte & Manjunath, 1987; Daniels Hetrick, long term zero-till plots at relatively low soil P levels Hetrick & Bloom, 1984) have shown that plant (XaHCOj-extractable soil test P of 10-20 ppm). At growth responses to mycorrhizas are inconsistent higher soil P levels the effects of mycorrhizas on P when examined over a range of soil P status and plant absorption and plant growth are usually less pro-P nutrition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizas and the soil‐disturbance‐induced reduction of nutrient absorption in maize.

Fairchild

Miller

1990

New Phytologist

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SUMM.4RYMaize seedlings have been show-n to absorb more phosphorus (P) from soil from long term zero-til! plots than from the same soil after disturbance, apparently because of greater vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizal colonization m the undisturbed soil. A growth room experiment was conducted to determine the effect of soil P availability on this phenomenon. Maize was grown for three 3-week cycles in initially disturbed soil. Phosphorus was mixed with tbe soil to create five P-amendment rates: 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160/igPg-' soil. After each growth cycle, the soil in half the pots w-as disturbed and replanted, -ivhereas the other half were replanted without disturbing the soil.In the third growth cycle, shoot dry w-eights were greater m the undisturbed soil than in the disturbed soil at the low.^er P-amendment rates, but soil disturbance had no effect at the 120 and 160/igPg"' soil amendments. Mycorrhizal colonization was much greater in the undisturbed soil at all P amendment rates. Shoot N, P, Mg, and Zn concentrations were higher in the undisturbed than in the disturbed soil at all P amendments, but only the increased P and Zn could be directly related to increased mycorrhizal colonization. While the benefit to the plant from mycorrhizal colonization induced by lack of soil disturbance can be quite large even at high rates of P amendment to the soil, the benefit achieved depends on the balance between the carbon (C) cost and P benefit to the host and may or may not favour the host.

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The Effectiveness of Vesicular‐arbuscular Mycorrhizas in Increasing Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Subterranean Clover From Phosphorus Sources of Different Solubilities

Cited by 79 publications

References 26 publications

INFLOW OF PHOSPHATE INTO MYCORRHIZAL AND NON‐MYCORRHIZAL PLANTS OF TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL PHOSPHATE

INFLOW OF PHOSPHATE INTO MYCORRHIZAL AND NON‐MYCORRHIZAL PLANTS OF TRIFOLIUM SUBTERRANEUM AT DIFFERENT LEVELS OF SOIL PHOSPHATE

Phosphorus relationships and production of extrametrical hyphae by two types of willow ectomycorrhizas at different soil phosphorus levels

Vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizas and the soil‐disturbance‐induced reduction of nutrient absorption in maize.

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