The Effects of 250-Kv X-Rays on the Dog's Pancreas: Morphological and Functional Changes

Archambeau, John O.; Griem, Melvin L.; Harper, Paul V.

doi:10.2307/3572193

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Although detailed pancreatic endocrine analysis during IVGTT after irradiation has been poorly documented, other studies have centered on the qualitative and quan- titative effects of irradiation on pancreatic histology and secretion in dogs [17][18][19][20]. Most of the studies have been isolated reports, many of the findings were contradictory, which in turn may be attributed to a species difference, variations in technique or dosage of irradiation employed.…”

Section: Loid and Megakaryocytic Series (H And E X 200)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Toit

Heydenrych

Smit

et al. 1987

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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In this study we evaluated the endocrine, biochemical, and haematological derangements as well as pancreatic and histological changes of the bonemarrow in the primate following external fractionated subtotal marrow irradiation without bonemarrow reconstitution. The irradiation was administered in preparation for pancreatic transplantation. Two groups of animals (ten in each group) received 800 rad (8 Gy) and 1,000 rad (10 Gy) respectively over 4 to 5 weeks. A maximum of 200 rads (2 Gy) were administered weekly as photons from a 6 MV linear accelerator. During irradiation the animals remained normoglycaemic in the presence of transiently elevated liver enzymes and serum amylase values, which returned to normal on completion of the irradiation. Insulin release was significantly reduced in both groups during irradiation and was associated with minimally decreased K-values in the presence of mild glucose intolerance. Pancreatic light morphologic changes included structural changes of both exocrine and endocrine elements and included necrosis of the islet cells and acinar tissue. Islet histology demonstrated striking cytocavitary network changes of alpha and beta cells, including degranulation, vacuolization, mitochondrial destruction, and an increase in lysosomes. A hypoplastic bonemarrow ranging from moderate to severe was observed in all irradiated recipients. Near total fractionated body irradiation in the primate is therefore associated with elevated liver enzymes, pancytopenia, transient hyperamylasaemia, hypoinsulinaemia, a varying degree of pancreatitis, and bonemarrow hypoplasia.

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Section: Loid and Megakaryocytic Series (H And E X 200)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Toit

Heydenrych

Smit

et al. 1987

Journal of Surgical Oncology

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“…Generally, the endocrine cells of the pancreas as well as the exocrine cells are considered to be radioresistant (Warren 1942, Friedman 1942, Rauch and Stenstrom 1952, Archambeau, Griem and Harper 1966 . However, some changes of /3: a-cell ratio and in the size of the pancreatic islets following whole-body irradiation of rats and guinea-pigs with the relatively small doses of 250 and 500 rad have been reported (Allegretti et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiation-induced Acute Necrosis of the Pancreatic Islet and the Diabetic Syndrome in the Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus Auratus)

Tsubouchi

Suzuki

Ariyoshi

et al. 1981

International Journal of Radiation Biology and Related Studies

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Exposure of golden hamsters to 35 000 rad of X-rays induced acute and specific necrosis of the cells of thd isles of Longerham of the pancreas within 4 hours whereas no other tissue revealed any drastic changes which would lead to a critical illness until 36 hours. Animals began to show the characteristic signs of diabetes, that is, hyperglycaemia, hyperkaliemia, ketonemia, and acidosis at 12 hours and these continued until death, 56+/- 8 hours later. These were accompanied by the disappearance of beta-cell granules and a decrease of plasma insulin. Treatment of irradiated animals with injections of insulin resulted in a reduction in high blood glucose and the prolongation of survival time up to 5 days, which is comparable to this radiation-induced diabetic syndrome resulted from acute necrosis of the cell of the islets of Langerhans, a previously unreported lethal effect of radiation in golden hamsters.

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Pancreatic fistula complicating pancreatectomy for malignant disease

Papachristou

Fortner

1981

Journal of British Surgery

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The incidence of pancreatic fistula in a series of 178 pancreatic resections was 25 per cent and was influenced by the type of pancreatectomy, the management of the remaining pancreas and the size of the pancreatic duct. Thus, fistulas appeared in 52 per cent of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy as compared to only 7 per cent of those undergoing distal pancreatectomy (P less than 0.001). Ligation of the pancreatic, duct in pancreatoduodenectomy led to a 70 per cent incidence; the incidence was 33 per cent if the pancreas was anastomosed to the jejunum instead (P less than 0.001). Fistulas were rare in patients who had dilated pancreatic ducts. Fistulas, once they were established, were rarely influenced by treatment. One out of 5 patients developing pancreatic fistula died, while fistulas were responsible for half of the operative deaths. The study indicated that pancreatojejunostomy is safe in the presence of ductal dilatation; it does not, however, protect from fistula if the pancreatic duct is normal. It also indicated that radiation of the pancreatic remnant in selected patients with persistent fistulas might be a useful therapeutic alternative.

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The Effects of 250-Kv X-Rays on the Dog's Pancreas: Morphological and Functional Changes

Cited by 15 publications

References 8 publications

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

The effect of ionizing radiation on the primate pancreas: An endocrine and morphologic study

Radiation-induced Acute Necrosis of the Pancreatic Islet and the Diabetic Syndrome in the Golden Hamster (Mesocricetus Auratus)

Pancreatic fistula complicating pancreatectomy for malignant disease

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