The Effects of Acute Physical Exercise on Memory, Peripheral BDNF, and Cortisol in Young Adults

Hötting, Kirsten; Schickert, Nadine; Kaiser, Jochen; Röder, Brigitte; Schmidt-Kassow, Maren

doi:10.1155/2016/6860573

Cited by 143 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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Section: Effect Of Acute Intensification Of Physical Effort (Shorttersupporting

confidence: 79%

“…24 Several studies have shown that, compared to low-intensity activity or a resting state, a high level of aerobic exercise induces an increase in BNDF concentration, which positively affects cognitive function. 25,26 It is also consistent with Davey's exercise-arousal cognition-interaction theory, 12 which predicts a linear relation between effort intensity, arousal level, and cognitive performance.In addition, our study revealed some subtle effects that may contribute to the modification of the motor resonance condition. Undoubtedly, the highest levels of physical exercise (E120%) induced an enhancement in the participants' ability to recognize all types of facial expressions.…”

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confidence: 79%

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Motor Resonance is Sensitive to Long but not Short Modulations of Physical Exercise

MKaouer¹

2017

MOJSM

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The aim of this study is to evaluate the mutual effect experience in a type of sport and the exertion of various levels of physical exercise have on the ability to recognize and decode others' facial expressions. Twenty-one taekwondo athletes and 17 soccer players participated in this study. Each of these participants performed a facialrecognition task while running on treadmill, with the task being performed at five different running speeds (i.e., at rest, 60%, 80%, 100%, and 120% of maximal aerobic speed). The results of this study revealed that the participants' motor resonance increased with greater effort produced. It also revealed that the practitioners of the fighting sport (taekwondo) were systemically faster and more accurate in terms of recognizing facial expressions than the practitioners of the team sport (soccer). The fighters' advantage over the collective sports practitioners in regard to recognition performance was mainly present at conditions involving higher intensities of effort. In conclusion, our study reveals that expertise in fighting sports, which require precise decoding of opponents' emotional states, is associated with enhanced ability to recognize facial expressions.Keywords: facial recognition, neural plasticity, physical effort, soccer, taekwondo MOJ Sports Medicine Research Article Open AccessMotor resonance is sensitive to long but not short modulations of physical exercise different levels of physical effort. An additional investigation here was to verify whether the impact of the short-term effect is modulated by the impact of the long-term effect. Methods ParticipantsTwenty-one expert taekwondo athletes (TKD, age 22±1 years; height 1.70±0.07m; body mass 70.1±7.5kg) and 17 soccer players (SOC, age 23±1years; height 1.70±0.03m; body mass 72.9±3 .7kg) participated in this study. Only TKD and SOC players with at least 10 years of experience in their respective sports and who participate regularly in national and international competition were included. Further, all participants were right-handed and possessed normal vision. All participants were volunteers and were informed of the procedures, methods, benefits, and possible risks involved in the study, and a written consent form was obtained from each. The experimental protocol was performed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki concerning human experimentation and was approved by the local ethical committee (decision number: 052/17). The experiment was conducted during the regular sports season, four to five months after the start of the competitive period; the participants were asked to maintain their regular training schedules throughout the experimental period (Table 1). Experimental design and procedures Physiological measuresThe participants underwent seven assessment sessions. In the first session, participants were provided complete information concerning the equipment and testing procedures that would be used and gave their consent to participate to this study; we also recorded their anthropomorphic and d...

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Section: Effect Of Acute Intensification Of Physical Effort (Shorttersupporting

confidence: 79%

supporting

confidence: 79%

Motor Resonance is Sensitive to Long but not Short Modulations of Physical Exercise

MKaouer¹

2017

MOJSM

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“…While studies of cognitive and motor learning have assessed the relationship between high intensity exercise, peripheral serum BDNF, and cognitive and motor learning (Skriver, Roig et al 2014, Etnier, Wideman et al 2016, Hotting, Schickert et al 2016), to our knowledge, this is the first study to also include the BDNF Val66Met polymorphism. There are several novel findings of this study that can advance our understanding of the role of exercise and BDNF in motor learning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of high intensity exercise and the Val66Met polymorphism on circulating BDNF and locomotor learning

Helm

Matt

Kirschner

et al. 2017

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been directly related to exercise-enhanced motor performance in the neurologically injured animal model; however literature concerning the role of BDNF in the enhancement of motor learning in the human population is limited. Previous studies in healthy subjects have examined the relationship between intensity of an acute bout of exercise, increases in peripheral BDNF and motor learning of a simple isometric upper extremity task. The current study examined the role of high intensity exercise on upregulation of peripheral BDNF levels as well as the role of high intensity exercise in mediation of motor skill performance and retention of a novel locomotor task in neurologically intact adults. In addition, the impact of a single nucleotide polymorphism in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) in moderating the relationship between exercise and motor learning was explored. It was hypothesized that participation in high intensity exercise prior to practicing a novel walking task (split-belt treadmill walking) would elicit increases in peripheral BDNF as well as promote an increased rate and magnitude of within session learning and retention on a second day of exposure to the walking task. Within session learning and retention would be moderated by the presence or absence of Val66Met polymorphism. Fifty-four neurologically intact participants participated in two sessions of split-belt treadmill walking. Step length and limb phase were measured to assess learning of spatial and temporal parameters of walking. Serum BDNF was collected prior to and immediately following either high intensity exercise or 5 minutes of quiet rest. The results demonstrated that high intensity exercise provides limited additional benefit to learning of a novel locomotor pattern in neurologically intact adults, despite increases in circulating BDNF. In addition, presence of a single nucleotide polymorphism on the BDNF gene did not moderate the magnitude of serum BDNF increases with high intensity exercise, nor did it moderate the relationship between high intensity exercise and locomotor learning.

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“…Evidence suggests that the cortisol released improves learning and memory by interacting with glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors located in the hippocampus, amygdala, and PFC regions of the brain (Heffelfinger and Newcomer, 2001;Yuen et al, 2009). A positive correlation was detected between the increase in cortisol release after exercise and vocabulary retention among healthy adults (Hötting et al, 2016). Interestingly, cortisol released in response to a psychosocial stress task resulted in an impaired retrieval of words (Tollenaar et al, 2008).…”

Section: Neuroendocrine and Myokinesmentioning

confidence: 96%

Acute Aerobic Exercise Based Cognitive and Motor Priming: Practical Applications and Mechanisms

et al. 2019

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Acute exercise stimulates brain regions involved in motor and cognitive processes. Recent research efforts have explored the benefits of aerobic exercise on brain health and cognitive functioning with positive results reported for both healthy and neurocognitively impaired individuals. Specifically, exercise positioned near therapeutic (both behavioral and physical) activities may enhance outcomes associated with treatment outcomes (e.g., depression or motor skill) through neural plasticity promoting mechanisms (e.g., increased brain flow and oxygenation). This approach has been termed "exercise priming" and is a relatively new topic of exploration in the fields of exercise science and motor control. The authors report on physiological mechanisms that are related to the priming effect. In addition, parameters related to the exercise bout (e.g., intensity, duration) and the idea of combining exercise and therapeutic rehabilitation are explored. This exercise-based priming concept has the potential to be applied to many areas such as education, cognitive therapy, and motor rehabilitation.

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The Effects of Acute Physical Exercise on Memory, Peripheral BDNF, and Cortisol in Young Adults

Cited by 143 publications

References 73 publications

Motor Resonance is Sensitive to Long but not Short Modulations of Physical Exercise

Motor Resonance is Sensitive to Long but not Short Modulations of Physical Exercise

The influence of high intensity exercise and the Val66Met polymorphism on circulating BDNF and locomotor learning

Acute Aerobic Exercise Based Cognitive and Motor Priming: Practical Applications and Mechanisms

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