The Effects of Adjuvant Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Cancer Cell Lines: A Systematic Review

Zhurakivska, Khrystyna; Troiano, Giuseppe; Caponio, Vito Carlo Alberto; Dioguardi, Mario; Arena, Claudia; Muzio, Lorenzo Lo

doi:10.3390/nu10101546

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In our studies, both 1% and 2% of FWGE increased cell viability compared to control cells. In the literature, FWGE was mostly examined on tumor cell lines where FWGE induced apoptosis and cell death in several cases [ 32 ]. 1 or 2% of FWGE did not preserve cell viability when 8 μ mol/L DON was added to the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Porcine Epithelial Cell Line Exposed to Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Mycotoxins

Pomothy

Pászti-Gere

Barna

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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The effect of fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) (Immunovet®) was evaluated with cotreatments with deoxynivalenol (DON) and T-2 toxin (T-2). These mycotoxins are produced by Fusarium mold species. The effects of FWGE on IPEC-J2 with DON and T-2 have not been studied until now. The IPEC-J2 porcine, nontumorigenic cell line was selected to investigate the outcome of the individually and simultaneously added compounds, as it has in vivo-like properties. The cells were treated for 24 h with the selected solutions; then, the IPEC-J2 cells were allowed to regenerate in a culture medium for an additional 24 h. In our results, DON and T-2 significantly increased the adverse impacts on cell viability and integrity of the cell monolayer. To elucidate the extent of oxidative stress, extracellular H2O2 concentrations and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured. FWGE appeared to be beneficial to IPEC-J2 cells given the separately and significantly decreased ROS levels. 1% and 2% FWGE could significantly reduce mycotoxin-induced oxidative stress. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that FWGE exerted protective effects to counteract the oxidative stress-provoking properties of applied fusariotoxins in the nontumorigenic IPEC-J2 cell line.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Porcine Epithelial Cell Line Exposed to Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Mycotoxins

Pomothy

Pászti-Gere

Barna

et al. 2020

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…Second, loss of dental elements can lead to dietary changes, with a loss of nutrition being significant for the body as it can lead to the risk of malnutrition, which promotes the onset of dementia [39]. Finally, the chronic systemic inflammation that is taken into consideration in the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease finds further support from the local inflammatory status determined by periodontitis, which is the main cause of the loss of dental elements in adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Association between Tooth Loss and Alzheimer’s Disease: a Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Case Control Studies

et al. 2019

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Alzheimer’s disease is classified as a neurodegenerative condition, a heterogeneous group of illnesses characterized by the slow and progressive loss of one or more functions of the nervous system. Its incidence tends to increase gradually from 65 years of age, up to a prevalence of 4% at age 75. The loss of dental elements is more prevalent in this population and might negatively affect the masticatory capacity, quality of life, and pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. This study investigated problems related to oral health and the loss of dental elements in elderly patients suffering from Alzheimer’s and considered whether local inflammatory processes could affect the etiopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease. The purpose of this systematic review is to identify a link between the causes leading to tooth loss and the onset/progression of Alzheimer’s disease. We also studied whether there is a higher incidence of tooth loss (primary outcome) and edentulism (secondary outcome) among Alzheimer’s patients. We searched records in electronic databases such as PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science using the following keywords: Alzheimer’s Disease AND periodontal, Alzheimer’s Disease AND periodontitis, dementia AND (periodontitis OR periodontal) “Alzheimer’s Disease” AND “tooth” OR “dental loss,” “dementia” AND “edentulous,” “Alzheimer’s Disease” AND “edentulous,” “dementia” AND “tooth” OR “dental loss.” The records were screened, and after applying the eligibility and inclusion criteria, nine articles were left, six of which were analyzed for the primary outcome (loss of dental elements) and six for the secondary outcome (tooth loss). Results from this meta-analysis revealed that Alzheimer’s disease patients have an increased risk of dental loss (hazard ratio (HR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00–2.30, p = 0.05) and edentulous condition (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.70–3.01, p < 0.001). A quantitative analysis of the included studies indicated that patients suffering from Alzheimer’s disease are characterized by a greater number of lost dental elements and general edentulism compared to the control groups.

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“…Moreover, NAD + increases G6PDH activity [ 20 ]. Several nutraceutical products have been shown to inhibit G6PDH and could be used therapeutically, like Fermented wheat germ extract (FWGE) (Metatrol ® , Avemar ® , Polydatin or Piceid (major Resveratrol derivative) [ 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Oxidative Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway Dynamics in Cancer and Its Dependency on Intracellular pH

et al. 2020

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The Pentose Phosphate Pathway (PPP) is one of the key metabolic pathways occurring in living cells to produce energy and maintain cellular homeostasis. Cancer cells have higher cytoplasmic utilization of glucose (glycolysis), even in the presence of oxygen; this is known as the “Warburg Effect”. However, cytoplasmic glucose utilization can also occur in cancer through the PPP. This pathway contributes to cancer cells by operating in many different ways: (i) as a defense mechanism via the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) to prevent apoptosis, (ii) as a provision for the maintenance of energy by intermediate glycolysis, (iii) by increasing genomic material to the cellular pool of nucleic acid bases, (iv) by promoting survival through increasing glycolysis, and so increasing acid production, and (v) by inducing cellular proliferation by the synthesis of nucleic acid, fatty acid, and amino acid. Each step of the PPP can be upregulated in some types of cancer but not in others. An interesting aspect of this metabolic pathway is the shared regulation of the glycolytic and PPP pathways by intracellular pH (pHi). Indeed, as with glycolysis, the optimum activity of the enzymes driving the PPP occurs at an alkaline pHi, which is compatible with the cytoplasmic pH of cancer cells. Here, we outline each step of the PPP and discuss its possible correlation with cancer.

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The Effects of Adjuvant Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Cancer Cell Lines: A Systematic Review

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

The Impact of Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Porcine Epithelial Cell Line Exposed to Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Mycotoxins

The Impact of Fermented Wheat Germ Extract on Porcine Epithelial Cell Line Exposed to Deoxynivalenol and T-2 Mycotoxins

The Association between Tooth Loss and Alzheimer’s Disease: a Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Case Control Studies

The Pentose Phosphate Pathway Dynamics in Cancer and Its Dependency on Intracellular pH

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