The effects of aging on the cutaneous microvasculature

Kelly, Robert; Pearse, Rupert M; Bull, R.H.; Lévêque, Jean-Luc; Rigal, Jean de; Mortimer, Peter

doi:10.1016/0190-9622(95)91812-4

Cited by 165 publications

(127 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Blood vessels are formed on interaction between endothelial cells, mural cells ( pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells), and the surrounding extracellular matrix (Armulik et al 2005;Betsholtz et al 2005). Aging and photoaging of the skin are associated with reduced number of blood vessels, especially in the upper dermis (Kligman 1979;Braverman and Fonferko 1982;Kelly et al 1995;Chung et al 2002). Structural changes in vessel properties also include reduced number of pericyte-covered blood vessels in aged skin Helmbold et al 2006).…”

Section: Aging Of Skin Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin

Rittié

Fisher

2015

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

423

386

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With worldwide expansion of the aging population, research on age-related pathologies is receiving growing interest. In this review, we discuss current knowledge regarding the decline of skin structure and function induced by the passage of time (chronological aging) and chronic exposure to solar UV irradiation ( photoaging). Nearly every aspect of skin biology is affected by aging. The self-renewing capability of the epidermis, which provides vital barrier function, is diminished with age. Vital thermoregulation function of eccrine sweat glands is also altered with age. The dermal collagenous extracellular matrix, which comprises the bulk of skin and confers strength and resiliency, undergoes gradual fragmentation, which deleteriously impacts skin mechanical properties and dermal cell functions. Aging also affects wound repair, pigmentation, innervation, immunity, vasculature, and subcutaneous fat homeostasis. Altogether, age-related alterations of skin lead to age-related skin fragility and diseases. S kin, like many other organs, undergoes deleterious changes with the passage of time and associated hormonal and dietary variations. Unlike most other organs, however, skin is also directly affected by exposure to the environment, especially UV irradiation from the sun. Chronic exposure to UV irradiation causes an aged phenotype ( photoaging) that is superimposed with aging caused by the passage of time (chronological aging). As a result, areas of the body that are frequently exposed to the sun such as the face, neck, forearms, or back of the hands acquire visible signs of aging more rapidly than other areas of the body.Skin serves two vital functions. First, skin serves as a barrier; it protects physical, chemical, and bacteriological intrusion in the body, and prevents dehydration by evaporative water loss. Second, skin allows thermoregulation through regulation of skin-hosted vasculature and eccrine sweat glands. In addition to these vital functions, skin mediates the sense of touch and plays a role in immune surveillance, hormone production, and social communication. Each of these functions is affected with aging. In general, alterations of skin structure and function appear earlier and are more pronounced in photoaged than in chronologically aged skin. Evidently, photoaging is a cumulative process and, as such, is more severe in older individuals.Passage of time and repeated exposure to harmful aspects of the environment alter both the epidermal and dermal compartments of the skin. Clinically, chronologically aged skin ap-

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Section: Aging Of Skin Vasculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin

Rittié

Fisher

2015

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

423

386

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“…43 The results were consistent with race, anatomical location, and tanning status of the subjects and with biopsy measurements reported in the literature. [44][45][46][47][48][49][50] This article illustrates how this second method can be applied to monitor changes in epidermal thickness on diabetic feet known to have developed ulcers.…”

Section: Hyperspectral Image Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperspectral Imaging in Diabetic Foot Wound Care

Yudovsky

Nouvong

Pilon

2010

J Diabetes Sci Technol

140

109

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Diabetic foot ulceration is a major complication of diabetes and afflicts as many as 15 to 25% of type 1 and 2 diabetes patients during their lifetime. If untreated, diabetic foot ulcers may become infected and require total or partial amputation of the affected limb. Early identification of tissue at risk of ulcerating could enable proper preventive care, thereby reducing the incidence of foot ulceration. Furthermore, noninvasive assessment of tissue viability around already formed ulcers could inform the diabetes caregiver about the severity of the wound and help assess the need for amputation. This article reviews how hyperspectral imaging between 450 and 700 nm can be used to assess the risk of diabetic foot ulcer development and to predict the likelihood of healing noninvasively. Two methods are described to analyze the in vivo hyperspectral measurements. The first method is based on the modified Beer-Lambert law and produces a map of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations in the dermis of the foot. The second is based on a two-layer optical model of skin and can retrieve not only oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin concentrations but also epidermal thickness and melanin concentration along with skin scattering properties. It can detect changes in the diabetic foot and help predict and understand ulceration mechanisms

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“…Obviously, the hemodynamic effect of glucose depends on the skin site. Kelly et al [3]reported a marked loss in dermal nutritional vessel density (about –40% in the forehead and forearm) and surface area for exchange as a feature of both chronological aging and photoaging.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is caused mainly by quantitative and qualitative changes in some proteins and lipids which, again, are followed by changes of skin structure and function [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]. Appropriate substrate supply and utilization play a key role in maintaining a sufficient functional state of every organ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microdialysis Can Detect Age-Related Differences in Glucose Distribution within the Dermis and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

Boschmann

Murphy²,

Krueger³

2001

Dermatology

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Background: Intrinsic (chronological) cutaneous aging is a continuous and complex process. Limitation in nutrient supply to the skin could contribute to this process. Objective: Our study focused on the impact of age on glucose supply to human skin and its distribution within the dermis and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Methods: An oral glucose load (100 g) was given to healthy volunteers of two age groups (24 ± 4 and 59 ± 10 years, n = 4 for each group). Dialysate concentrations of glucose and glycerol were monitored by microdialysis in the dermis and adipose tissue. Results: Baseline tissue [glucose] did not differ significantly between the two groups. After the glucose load, dialysate [glucose] of the dermis peaked between 60 and 80 min and between 80 and 120 min in the young and old groups, respectively. In the old group, dialysate [glucose] was significantly higher in the dermis than adipose tissue at 80, 100, 120, 160 and 180 min after the load. The sum of the areas under the curve (dermis + adipose tissue) did not differ significantly between the two age groups. Conclusions: Aging is accompanied by an increased diffusion barrier for glucose between the dermis and adipose tissue.

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The effects of aging on the cutaneous microvasculature

Cited by 165 publications

References 19 publications

Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin

Natural and Sun-Induced Aging of Human Skin

Hyperspectral Imaging in Diabetic Foot Wound Care

Microdialysis Can Detect Age-Related Differences in Glucose Distribution within the Dermis and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue

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