The effects of ambient temperature on life span, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and phospholipase A2 activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Sestini, Edmund; Carlson, John C.; Allsopp, Rich

doi:10.1016/0531-5565(91)90050-v

Cited by 34 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…As will be discussed below, PLA 2 , (per)oxidized FA and their various metabolites all can alter signal transduction, various neuronal signaling pathways, ion channel functioning and gene transcription processes and ultimately behavioral plasticity such as learning and memory processes. Thus, although to our knowledge our studies are the first to show these aspects in molluscs, it is not surprisingly that similar conclusions are drawn with increasing frequency in studies linking oxidative stress related PLA 2 activation with cognitive impairment, neuronal dysfunction and disease not only in other, non-molluscan, invertebrate species but also in mammals and humans [12,16,34-38]. Together this suggests that Lymnaea’s LTM functions in general are sensitive to lipid peroxidation and oxidative membrane damage, and that lipid peroxidation-dependent activation of PLA 2 is a fundamental and evolutionary conserved factor in the decline in behavioral and neuronal plasticity widely observed across the animal kingdom.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Oxidative-stress induced increase in circulating fatty acids does not contribute to phospholipase A2-dependent appetitive long-term memory failure in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

et al. 2014

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BackgroundReactive oxygen species (ROS) are essential for normal physiological functioning of the brain. However, uncompensated increase in ROS levels may results in oxidative stress. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is one of the key players activated by elevated ROS levels resulting in the hydrolysis of various products from the plasmamembrane such as peroxidized fatty acids. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and fatty acid metabolites are often implicated to the genesis of cognitive impairment. Previously we have shown that age-, and experimentally induced oxidative stress causes PLA2-dependent long-term memory (LTM) failure in an aversive operant conditioning model in Lymnaea stagnalis. In the present study, we investigate the effects of experimentally induced oxidative stress and the role of elevated levels of circulating FFAs on LTM function using a non-aversive appetitive classical conditioning paradigm.ResultsWe show that intracoelomic injection of exogenous PLA2 or pro-oxidant induced PLA2 activation negatively affects LTM performance in our learning paradigm. In addition, we show that experimental induction of oxidative stress causes significant temporal changes in circulating FFA levels. Importantly, the time of training coincides with the peak of this change in lipid metabolism. However, intracoelomic injection with exogenous arachidonic acid, one of the main FFAs released by PLA2, does not affect LTM function. Moreover, sequestrating circulating FFAs with the aid of bovine serum albumin does not rescue pro-oxidant induced appetitive LTM failure.ConclusionsOur data substantiates previous evidence linking lipid peroxidation and PLA2 activation to age- and oxidative stress-related cognitive impairment, neuronal dysfunction and disease. In addition however, our data indicate that lipid peroxidation induced increased levels of circulating (per)oxidized FFAs are not a factor in oxidative stress induced LTM impairment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Oxidative-stress induced increase in circulating fatty acids does not contribute to phospholipase A2-dependent appetitive long-term memory failure in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

et al. 2014

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“…Several authors have reported that female flies have the longest life span, [29][30][31] although our work demonstrates that there is a higher average life expectancy in males. These results confirm the studies of Lints and Bermejo.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 53%

Antioxidant Activity of Fraxetin: In Vivo and ex Vivo Parameters in Normal Situation versus Induced Stress.

Fernández-Puntero

Barroso

Iglesias

et al. 2001

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Free radicals generation during cellular metabolism is the main cause of molecular damage underlying the aging process.1) Several authors assert that induced stress enhanced this process, because the deleterious effects of free radicals are progressive and accumulative. [2][3][4] The effect of free radicals in the Drosophila melanogaster life span has been amply studied. 5,6) Various authors have demonstrated a decrease in negative geotaxis in aging, so microgravity is an adequate measure of the vital capacity of flies. [7][8][9] This investigation establishes the influence of stress provoked by the assay of microgravity (flying capacity reduction) in the life span of flies. Therefore, we have evaluated the survival values of the population submitted to an assay of microgravity during its development until the death of the last individual.Their life expectancy is relative to their basal metabolic rate 10) and can be altered by diet, temperature, light and exposure to antioxidants. These conditions affect the level of free radicals.11) The effects of exogenous antioxidant administration on the prevention of diseases was proposed by Gerschman,12) and these beneficial effects could influence the life span.13) This study examined the effect of the exogenous administration of a natural product, such as Fraxetin, on the life span of Drosophila melanogaster, and on its vital capacity.On the other hand, we evaluated the biochemical parameters associated with the free radical theory. Reduced forms of glutathione are capable of reducing various free radicals, 14) so the oxidative status could be evaluated by measuring this natural antioxidant. Another parameter affected by the induced stress is lipid peroxidation. An increase in lipid peroxides is usually taken as an estimator of oxidative stress. 15,16) So, both parameters could establish oxidative status, but an increase in GSH content does not always correspond with the decrease in lipid peroxidation, since both parameters can be produced by different mechanisms. This feature indicates the complex mechanisms implicated in oxidative stress. MATERIALS AND METHODS AnimalsOregon R Drosophila fruit flies were maintained in an environmentally controlled incubator at 25°C on a 12/12 h light/dark cycle, with constant humidity. Flies were fed a free PUFA diet, based on an agar (1.1%) culture medium containing sugar (7.5%), corn flour (3.5%) and the yeast Sacharomyces cerevisiae (7.5%). The treatment was introduced in the daily diet at different ages of the animal model, following the model proposed by Miquel. 17) In the case of the treatment groups, Fraxetin was directly incorporated on the culture medium, so the culture medium of the treatment groups was homogenous concentration of 1 mM of Fraxetin. We did not use an organic solvent to solve Fraxetin, and there was no influence of solvents on oxidative stress or life span in our research. The treatment groups were the Control (without treatment, as comparation), F-0 (Fraxetin treatment from the 1st day, 1 mM), F-1 (Fraxetin ...

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“…However, ascorbic acid feeding seems to trigger the lipid peroxidation in the tissue under heat stress. Sestini et al (1991) have reported a similar effect of ascorbic acid, which has increased lipid peroxidation resulting in reduced lifespan of Drosophila [24]. The exact mechanism of this response, however, remains elusive.…”

Section: Changes In the Gene Expressions Due To Heat Stressmentioning

confidence: 90%

Management of heat stress in Drosophila melanogaster with Abhrak bhasma and ascorbic acid as antioxidant supplements

2018

J App Biol Biotech

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Global warming and climate change are the most serious consequences of anthropogenic activities. Although global warming poses threat to all living organisms, poikilotherms are most vulnerable among them. In the current study, management of heat stress in insects that constitute the largest group of poikilotherms has been studied using Drosophila melanogaster as a model. Various catalytic and non-catalytic oxidative parameters, at physiological as well as molecular level, were analyzed after exposing the Drosophila flies to high temperature. The efficacy of Abhrak bhasma and ascorbic acid in ameliorating the heat stress was also investigated. It was observed that heat stress alters various parameters indicating oxidative stress. Heat stress influences the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes and also has an effect on total reduced glutathione (GSH) content as well as GSH: oxidized form of GSH (GSSG) ratio. Dietary supplement of Abhrak bhasma and ascorbic acid was found to alter the changes in antioxidant parameters induced due to heat stress. These flies also showed an increase in expression of cap "n" collar C and heat shock protein 70 genes, which play a crucial role in the management of stressful conditions. Overall, supplementation of diet with Abhrak bhasma and ascorbic acid was found to boost the capacity of Drosophila to counter the effects of heat stress.

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The effects of ambient temperature on life span, lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase, and phospholipase A2 activity in Drosophila melanogaster

Cited by 34 publications

References 22 publications

Oxidative-stress induced increase in circulating fatty acids does not contribute to phospholipase A2-dependent appetitive long-term memory failure in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Oxidative-stress induced increase in circulating fatty acids does not contribute to phospholipase A2-dependent appetitive long-term memory failure in the pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis

Antioxidant Activity of Fraxetin: In Vivo and ex Vivo Parameters in Normal Situation versus Induced Stress.

Management of heat stress in Drosophila melanogaster with Abhrak bhasma and ascorbic acid as antioxidant supplements

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